A Report On The Translation Of Ecology And Socialism

From the view of sociology,Chris Williams points out sharply in his Ecology and Socialism(2010)that it is social system other than technical problems that attributes to the worsening environment.He analyzes thoroughly the relationship between capitalism and the environment,and then puts forward his ideal of sustainable socialist society.Under the guideline of Newmark's correlative approach and based on the translation practice of Chapter Five in Ecology and Socialism,this report discusses the difficulties encountered and corresponding translation strategies adopted during the translation process.As Newmark applies the correlative approach to translation,he contends that the more important the language of the original or source text is,the more closely it should be translated.Close translation can be reflected in vocabulary,sentence and text.During the whole translation process,the author finds that main difficulties are at the lexical and syntactic levels.The former involves the translation of political terms and parallel phrases,whereas the latter is about the translation of sentences with dashes.To achieve close translation,Newmark puts forward seven translation methods:component analysis,modulation,functional equivalence,depiction of equivalence,cultural equivalence,near-synonyms and paraphrase.Confronted with the specific problems appeared in the translation process,the author adopts three of them,that is,paraphrase,component analysis and modulation.Due to the cultural differences between the East and the West,it is hard to comprehend some political terms through literal translation.Therefore,paraphrase is used for detailed explanation.As for the translation of parallel phrases,component analysis is adopted to parse sentence structure in order to reach form equivalence and meaning equivalence.At the syntactic level,literal translation is not proper for sentences with dashes because of their various functions.It is of necessity to employ modulation according to specific problems.Despite the defects in the target text,the translation skills discussed in this report are beneficial for future translation.