Effect Of IDF On Dietary Energy Intake And Gut Microbiota

With the substantial improvement of living standards,people eat a lot of high-sugar,highfat,high-protein foods,resulting in excessive intake of energy components and leading to various diseases.Studies have shown that dietary fiber in food,especially insoluble dietary fiber(IDF),can not only promote intestinal motility and increase satiety,thereby reducing energy intake,but also improve gut microbiota and maintain normal gut microbiota.Enoki mushroom,carrots and oats are the three most typical high dietary fiber foods among many foods.They are widely used in the development of functional foods and nutritional dietary recommendations,but the differences in structure and function of insoluble dietary fibers are not very clear.To study the characteristics of insoluble dietary fiber in Enoki mushroom,carrots and oats and its effect on the absorption and digestion of fats and carbohydrates in food,as well as the effect of complex insoluble dietary fiber on mice with high-fat diet.This paper uses AOAC 985.29 standard method to extract insoluble dietary fiber in Enoki mushroom,carrots and oats,respectively,through electron scanning microscope,thermal differential thermogravimetric analyzer,Fourier transform infrared spectrometer and X-ray diffraction analysis to characterize the three sources of insoluble dietary fiber.And study the swelling characteristics of the three sources of insoluble dietary fiber and the adsorption of oil,cholate,glucose,and the effect in vitro digestion model of starch and fat.For eight consecutive weeks,mice were gavaged with complex insoluble dietary fiber prepared from three insoluble dietary fibers.The effects of complex insoluble dietary fiber intake on the body weight,blood lipids,major organs and gut microbiota of mice were studied under a high-fat diet.The study found that the insoluble dietary fibers of the three sources not only differ greatly in their microscopic morphology,but also have different infrared spectra,X-ray diffraction patterns and thermal analysis results,suggesting the ratio of hemicellulose to cellulose in their main components.The insoluble dietary fiber of the three sources has a strong swelling ability,the adsorption capacity of oil,cholesterol,cholate and glucose,and a significant inhibitory effect on the digestion of fat in in vitro model,and have significant effects on blood glucose and blood lipids in mice in vivo.However,due to the differences in the structure and composition of the three sources of insoluble dietary fiber,the effects of the three sources of insoluble dietary fiber on these functional characteristics various.Comprehensive comparison,Carrot IDF has stronger swelling ability and fat adsorption capacity,while Enoki mushroom IDF has stronger glucose adsorption capacity and ability to inhibit fat digestion,and a stronger inhibitory effect on the increase of blood glucose in mice in the glucose tolerance experiment.In the high-fat diet model of mice,complex insoluble dietary fiber can significantly inhibit the weight gain caused by high-fat diet and the increase of the content of alanine aminotransferase,aspartate aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase in the mice blood.At the same time,it can reduce the size of fat cells and the fat content in liver tissue.And it has a significant effect on the gut microbiota,especially the genus of bacteria related to lipid metabolism and synthesis.For example,complex insoluble dietary fiber significantly increased the abundance of Prevotella associated with obesity suppression and significantly reduced the ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes.Which suggests that the regulation of gut microbiota may also be one of the mechanisms by which complex insoluble dietary fiber inhibits obesity.In short,the research results of this paper not only provide a theoretical basis for further exploring the impact of insoluble dietary fiber on energy intake,but also provide a basis for the further development of subsequent insoluble dietary fiber.