| As the improvement of people's living standard and the change of dietary structure,more and more people eat high-sugar and high-fat diet,meanwhile lack of intake dietary fiber.A high sugar and high-fat diet can cause disturbance of carbohydrate metabolism,such as liver function deterioration,tumor,cardiovascular disease,diabetes mellitus,nephropathy and so on.Dietary fiber mainly exist in the coarse grains,fruit and vegetables,however,the compositions of prandial fiber are different in different foods.Functional oligosaccharide is one of dietary fiber which can reduce the glucose and lipid level in the body,and the prognosis can be improved accordingly.Objective To investigate the intake of coarse grains in diabetic patients.Methods One hundred and fourteen patients with diabetes form the clinic service were included in this study.Everyone was asked to fulfill a questionnaire and then we obtained one hundred results.Results There were a few people who have the grains in all three meals.Forty persons took steamed bread and 14 had rice made by coarse grain.The number was only 10 and 2 in lunch and dinner,respectively.In this study,40 patients thought that meals with some coarse grains may reduce the occurrence the postprandial hyperglycemia,76.5%patients took the coarse grains occasionally,21.6%persons took it once a day,while the other 1.9%patients never had it.Conclusions The nutrition education should be administered individualized to help most patients with diabetes to intake the coarse grains correctly,constantly and consistently,in order to maintaina steady blood sugar levels.We extracted a-GOS from chickpeas and give mice by gavage,to observe the blood glucose and lipid levels in mice of fat metabolism disorder.Method 50 male mice of 42 day-old were divided into the blank group(Group B),control group(Group C),high concentration group(Group H),middle concentration group(Group M)and low concentration group(Group L).All the groups except the blank group were feed high sugar and fat diet for six weeks,and the concentration of chickpea a-GOS were 0.001g/g/d?0.0005g/g/d?0.0001g/g/d consequently.Results Glucose:Glucose in group C is higher than that in group B(P<0.05),the mice feed with chickpea ca-GOS are all lower than that in group C(P<0.05).Glycated serum protein(GSP):GSP in group C is higher than that in group B(P<0.05),group L is lower than that in group C(P<0.05).There are no differences in all groups in serum insulin level(P>0.05).Triglyceride(TC):TC in group B is much lower than that in group group C(P<0.05),TC in group C is higher than groups with chickpea ?-GOS.High-density lipoprotein(HDL):HDL in group C is higher than all of the other groups(P<0.05).Low-density lipoprotein(LDL):LDL in group C is the highest in all the groups(P<0.05).Cholesterol(CL):Cl in the group C is higher than that in group B,group H and group L(P<0.05).Uric acid(UA):There are no differences of UA in all of the groups.By studying the pathological section of liver,pancreas and kidney,we can only find differences of cellular structure in liver cells.There are severe liver fatty infiltration,edema of cell,great focal necrosis,inflammatory cells infiltraion in control group of mice's liver.The structure of liver cells in low-dose group and midal-dose group with lavaging by chickpea a-GOS are much better than that in control group.There is a small amount of fatty infiltrating,cellular necrosis and none of inflammatory cells infiltration.And the liver's cell structure in high-dose group lavaging by chickpea a-GOS is also much better than that in low-dose and midal-dose groups.Very few inflammatory cells infiltration and none necrosis and inflammatory cells are found in the high-dose group.Conclusion a-GOS from chickpea has the effect of lowering blood glucose,blood fat and protecting liver in dyslipidemia mice. |
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