A Structural Equation Modeling Study On The Present Situation Of Mental Resilience Of The Rural Left-behind Elderly In Jilin City And Its Influencing Factors

Objective:The purpose of this paper is to understand the current situation of the mental resilience of the left-behind elderly people in rural areas of Jilin City,analyze the influencing factors of the mental resilience of the left-behind elderly people in rural areas,build a structural equation modeling of the influencing factors of the mental resilience of the left-behind elderly people in rural areas,and reveal the internal relationship between the factors and the path of the effect on the mental resilience.Methods:In this paper,a multi-stage sampling method is used to randomly select 320 rural left-behind elderly from 8 villages in 4 districts of Jilin City as the research object.General Information Questionnaire,Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale,Social Support Rating Scale,Chinese Perceived Stress Scale and 12-item General Health Questionaire are used to investigate the data.SPSS 20.0 and AMOS 21.0software are used for statistical analysis.Frequency and percentage are used to describe the general information of the left-behind elderly people in rural areas,and mean and standard deviation(x ±SD)are used to describe the mental resilience and mental health status of the left-behind elderly people in rural areas.Concerning the influencing factors of mental resilience of rural left-behind elderly people,single factor analysis(t-test and variance analysis)and multiple factor analysis(multiple stepwise regression analysis)are used for statistical analysis.Pearson Correlation Analysis is used to analyze the correlation between mental resilience,social support,perceived pressure and mental health of rural left-behind elderly people.Furthermore,AMOS 21.0 software is used to build the structural equation modeling of the influencing factors of the mental resilience of the rural left-behind elderly people.The inspection level is ? = 0.05.Results:1.The total score of mental resilience of the rural left-behind elderly people in Jilin City is(44.38±15.62),and the scores of the three dimensions are respectively(21.99±8.46)for resilience,(15.04±5.65)for strength and(7.35±2.90)for optimism.The total score of mental health of the rural left-behind people in rural areas is(27.49±6.57).The scores of the three dimensions are anxiety and depression(13.24±3.47),social dysfunction(9.66±2.33)and loss of confidence(4.59±1.49),among which 60.3% of the rural left-behind elderly people with poor psychological conditions and 39.7% of the rural left-behind elderly people with good psychological conditions.2.The results of single factor analysis are as follows: the age,education level,living style,occupation,number of children,monthly income,health status,smoking,annual medical expenses,medical insurance and endowment insurance of the left-behind elderly people in rural areas have different effects on mental resilience,and the difference is statistically significant(p<0.05).3.Pearson Correlation Analysis results are as follows: the mental resilience of the rural left-behind elderly people is positively correlated with social support(r=0.300,p<0.01),negatively correlated with perceived pressure(r=-0.424,p<0.01),and negatively correlated with mental health(r=-0.514,p<0.01).4.The results of multiple factor analysis are as follows: occupation,monthly income,social support,perceived pressure and mental health of rural left-behind elderly people are finally included in the regression equation,which is the main factor affecting mental resilience of rural left-behind elderly people(p<0.05).5.The results of structural equation modeling are as follows: social support,perceived stress and mental health all have direct effects on mental resilience.The magnitude of the effects is perceived stress(-0.514)> social support(0.331)>mental health(-0.299),among which social support is a positive effect and others a negative effect.Social support and perceived stress have indirect effects on mental resilience.The magnitude of the effect is social support(0.458)> perceived stress(-0.103).The magnitude of the total effect of each variable on mental resilience issocial support(0.789)> perceived stress(-0.618)> mental health(-0.299).Conclusions:1.The mental resilience score of the rural left-behind elderly people in Jilin city is lower than that of the domestic normal level,which is at a lower level.At the same time,the mental health status is not good,which is lower than that of the urban elderly people.2.The main factors that affect mental resilience level of the rural left-behind elderly people in Jilin include occupation,monthly income,social support,perceived stress and mental health.3.In the structural equation modeling constructed in this study,social support and perceived pressure have direct and indirect effects on mental resilience of rural left-behind elderly people,while mental health has only direct effects.Social support,in terms of the overall effect,is the most important factor for mental resilience.It can provide theoretical basis for the related research of mental resilience of the left-behind elderly people in rural areas of China.