Study On The Correlation Between The Number Of Acute Otitis Media Visits In Children And Environmental Meteorological Factors In Lanzhou

Objective To investigate the characteristics of acute otitis media?AOM?in children in Lanzhou,and further explore its correlation with environmental meteorological factors.Methods Data were collected in 2015-2017 in the Departments of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery at two tertiary grade A hospitals?the 940th Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Unit of the Chinese PLA and the Second Affiliated Hospital of Lanzhou University?in Lanzhou.Information on AOM including age,sex and date of consultation,with the same period of the air quality data(AQI,PM₁₀,PM_2.5,O₃,CO,NO₂,SO₂)and the meteorological data?daily average temperature?T,??,daily mean atmospheric pressure?P,hPa?,daily average relative humidity?RH,%?,and daily mean wind speed?W,m/s??.SPSS software was used to analyze spearman correlation between air pollutants and meteorological factors and the daily number of AOM visits.The generalized addition model?GAM?of time series was used to analyze the exposure-response curve,and R software was used to calculate relative risk?RR?.Using above results to discuss the relationship of air pollutions,meteorological factors and the number of AOM patients.Results?1?In 2015,2016 and 2017,the number of children with AOM was2576,2934 and 2871,respectively,and there was no significant difference in the three years?P=0.818?.The annual visits peaked in December,the lowest in August,followed by February.?2?the summer was significantly less than other seasons?P<0.05?,and there was no significant difference in the other three seasons?P>0.05?.The incidence of AOM in infants under 1 year old accounts for a certain proportion,with a peak around 4 years old and a second peak around 6-7 years old,and then the number of visits decreases with the increase of age.?3?Spearman correlation analysis showed that the correlation between air pollutions and environmental variables.As for single-day lag effects,there were positive correlations between AQI,PM_2.5,PM₁₀,CO,NO₂,SO₂,average air pressure?r=0.129,P=0.000?and the daily number of AOM visits,negatively correlated with O₃ and average temperature?r=-0.284,P=0.000?,but not with relative humidity and average wind speed?r=-0.011,P=0.716,r=-0.057,P=0.061?.?5?There is a lag effect of environmental meteorological factors on the incidence of acute otitis media in children.As for single-day lag effects,the strongest lag effects of PM_2.5?PM₁₀?SO₂ were at lag3.And the largest RRs and 95%confidence interval were?1.0073,1.0026-1.0114?,?1.0027,1.0012-1.0042?,?1.0207,1.0069-1.0345?.The risks of CO and NO₂ were the highest at lag5,RR and 95%CI were?1.0275,1.0153-1.0402?,?1.0240,1.0198-1.0282?.The strongest lag effects of O₃ was at lag6,RR?95%CI were?0.9922,0.9902-0.9942?.The strongest lag effects of average temperature,air pressure and wind speed were at lag1,lag5,lag4.RR and95%CI were?0.9826,0.9813-0.9839?,?0.9912,0.9859-0.9955?,?1.0224,1.0120-1.0328?,respectively.As for multi-day lag effects,the strongest lag effects of PM_2.5,PM₁₀,CO,NO₂ air pressure and wind speed were at lag0-6,RR and 95%CI were?1.0143,1.0094-1.0193?,?1.0137,1.0090-1.0182?,?1.0278,1.0137-1.0419?,?1.0298,1.0219-1.0377?,?0.9694,0.9537-0.9851?,?1.0441,1.0156-1.0726?,respectively.The greatest risk of SO₂ at lag0-4,RR and 95%CI were?1.0212,1.0078-1.0346?.The strongest lag effects of O₃ was at lag0-6,RR and 95%CI were?0.9937,0.9919-0.9955?.The largest risk of average temperature at lag0-1,RR and95%CI were?0.9566,0.9287-0.9845?.There was no single lag or cumulative lag effect of relative humidity on the daily number of AOM visits.ConclusionThe incidence of AOM has obvious age and seasonal characteristics.There may be some correlation between environmental meteorological factors and the daily number of AOM visits in children.And there were high correlation between AQI,PM_2.5,PM₁₀,SO₂,CO,NO₂,O₃,average temperature and air pressure.Except for relative humidity,environmental meteorological factors have lag effects on the incidence of AOM.Single lag effects are mainly concentrated in 3-5 days,and cumulative effects are mainly concentrated in the 6 days,and different factors have different RR values that affect the number of children with AOM.