Study On The Caring Experience And Influencing Factors Of The Caregivers Of Hearing Impaired Children

Objective To understand the current situation of the carer's feeling of hearing impaired children,including the positive feeling and care burden,and to explore the influence of individual factors and the interaction factors between individual and environment on the carer's feeling of hearing impaired children,so as to provide theoretical basis for improving the quality of life of caregivers and for formulating targeted intervention measures.Methods Includes quantitative research and qualitative research.Quantitative research: This study was designed to facilitate the selection of 220 caregivers of hearing impaired children who met the inclusion criteria in rehabilitation center from October2018 to June 2019.The self-designed general situation questionnaire,general self-efficacy scale(GSEs),social support scale(SSRs),simple coping style scale(SCSQ),caregiver positive feeling scale(PAS),caregiver burden scale(CBI)were used to investigate the caregiver's care feeling and its influencing factors.Spss 24.0 software was used to analyze the data,the mean and standard deviation statistical description is used to describe the measurement data subject to normal distribution,and the median and quartile spacing statistical description is used to describe the measurement data subject to normal distribution,rate and percentage were used to describe the counting data,t-test,one-way ANOVA,nonparametric rank sum test,Pearson correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analysis were used to analyze the influencing factors of caregiver's care feeling.Qualitative research: Using the method of objective sampling and convenience sampling,46 children caregivers with hearing impairment in different rehabilitation stages were selected for in-depth interview,and NVivo 12.0 qualitative analysis software was used to analyze theinterview data and code the theme with Colaizzi phenomenological analysis method.Results 1.The total score of positive feelings of the caregivers of hearing impaired children were(35.05 ± 7.71);the total score of care burden were(36.97 ± 16.95),54.5% caregivers with above the moderate burden level.2.Univariate analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences in the scores of positive feelings of caregivers of children with hearing impairment(P < 0.05)in terms of the degree of hearing impairment,the length of correction,the length of rehabilitation,the age of caregivers,the number of assisted caregivers and self-efficacy(P < 0.05)There were significant differences in the care burden scores among the time,family history of deafness,caregiver's age,marital status,occupation,education level,relationship with children,number of assisted caregivers,monthly family income,and length of care(P < 0.05).3.The total score of social support for the caregivers of hearing impaired children were(40.05 ± 8.13),including subjective social support score were(24.63 ± 4.81),objective support score were(8.23 ± 3.29),and support utilization score were(7.24 ± 2.10);the low,medium and high level of social support for the caregivers of hearing impaired children account for 16.4%,57.7% and 25.9%.4.The scores of positive coping and negative coping were(24.93 ± 8.33)and(10.03 ± 5.64).5.Pearson correlation analysis shows that the caregivers of hearing impaired children have social support,subjective social support and objective society There was a positive correlation between the scores of support,utilization of support and positive coping and the positive feelings of caregivers(P < 0.05),a negative correlation between the scores of negative coping and the positive feelings of caregivers(P < 0.05),and a negative correlation between the scores of social support,subjective social support,objective social support,utilization of support and positive coping and the care burden of caregivers(P < 0.05).There was a positive correlation between negative coping score and caregiver burden(P < 0.05).6.Multiple linear regression showed that the age,the degree of hearing impairment,thelength of correction,the age of caregiver,the subjective social support,the positive coping and self-efficacy of the children with hearing impairment entered the regression equation,which could explain the 40.7% variation of the caregiver's positive feelings;the way of correction,the length of correction,the length of rehabilitation and the relationship between caregiver and children Eight variables,such as length of care,subjective social support,positive response and negative response,entered the regression equation,which could explain the 45.5% variation of care burden of caregivers for hearing impaired children.7.The caring experience of the caregivers of hearing impaired children can be summed up into four themes:(1)Disease screening and diagnosis period: Psychological Overload;(2)Early stage of rehabilitation training: Insufficient information support and maladjustment;(3)Stable stage of rehabilitation training: Weak support system;(4)Transitional adjustment period:Insufficient confidence in home-based rehabilitation.Conclusion 1.The level of care burden of the caregivers for hearing impaired children is in the middle level,mainly time-dependent burden and physiological burden.The level of social support is in the general level.Promoting family members to control the physiological and psychological support of the caregivers can increase the level of positive feelings of the caregivers and reduce the burden of care of the caregivers.2.Coping style is an important factor affecting the caregiver's care feeling.Guiding caregivers to adopt positive coping style is conducive to increase the caregiver's positive feeling and reduce the caregiver's care burden.3.At different stages of rehabilitation,caregivers face different difficulties and psychological loads.Targeted psychological and emotional support and counseling can effectively alleviate the burden of caregivers.