Study On The Influencing Factors Of Caring Experience Of Main Caregivers In Maintenance Hemodialysis

ObjectiveTo understand the status quo of care experience of main caregivers in maintenance hemodialysis,explore the influence of individual factors of caregivers and the interaction between individual factors and environment on their caregivers' feelings,and provide intervention basis for improving the quality of care of caregivers in maintenance hemodialysis and the quality of life of caregivers and patients.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted to select 140 patients and their main caregivers who received maintenance hemodialysis in the Dialysis Department of Guangdong Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine and the Blood Purification Center of Guangdong University Town Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine.General information questionnaire,caregiver burden scale,caregiver positive feeling scale,social support rating scale and self-rating depression scale were used to conduct the questionnaire survey.SPSS22.0 software was used to input and count the data,including descriptive analysis,t-test,one-way ANOVA,Pearson correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analysis.Results1.Among 140 primary caregivers of maintenance hemodialysis patients,60.7%were women,with an average age of(51.08±13.11)years;27.1%of caregivers had a college education or higher;44.3%of caregivers had cared for more than two years;39.3%of caregivers had no assistance;47.1%of caregivers were spouses;74.3%of caregivers lived with patients;52.8%of caregivers lived with patients.The income level of caregivers is below 3000 yuan.2.The total score of negative feelings in maintenance hemodialysis was(42.72±11.89),with the highest score of time-dependent burden(12.27±3.67);the heavier was the development-limited burden(10.52±2.91);the second was the physical burden(8.06±3.40)and the emotional burden(6.41±3.25);the lightest was the social burden(5.46±2.65).The burden of caregivers was mainly moderate(52.1%),followed by mild(38.6%),while heavy(6.4%)and no burden(2.9%)accounted for a minority.3.Maintenance hemodialysis main caregivers' positive feelings were(32.38±4.22),self-affirmation was(21.59±3.79),life outlook was(10.7±3.24),which was at a moderate level.4.Pearson correlation analysis showed that subjective support of main caregivers in maintenance hemodialysis was negatively correlated with time-dependent burden,development-limited burden,physical burden and emotional burden of caregivers;objective support was negatively correlated with development-limited burden and social burden;support utilization was negatively correlated with emotional burden and social burden;depression score was negatively correlated with development-limited burden.The subjective support of the main caregivers in maintenance hemodialysis was positively correlated with the caregivers' life outlook dimension,the objective support was positively correlated with the self-affirmation dimension,the support utilization was positively correlated with the life outlook dimension,and the depression score was negatively correlated with the life outlook dimension.5.The influencing factors of caregiver' s physical burden include:physical condition,caregiver' s age,income,depression score and cohabitation.41.7%of the variance in this dimension can be explained by the above five factors;the influencing factors of time-dependent burden are the number of assistant caregivers and income,16.2%of the variance in this dimension can be explained by the above two factors;and the development of restricted burden shadow.The influencing factors include income,number of assistant caregivers,depression score,objective support and caregiver' s age.51.5%of the variance in this dimension can be explained by the above five factors.The influencing factors of emotional burden are number of assistant caregivers,income and caregiver' s age.31.6%of the variance in this dimension can be explained by the above three factors.Support,income,objective support,depression score and self-care ability,35.7%of the variance in this dimension can be explained by the above five factors.6.The factors influencing the positive feelings of caregivers include:education level,objective support,number of assistant caregivers,physical condition,cohabitation,caregiver age and depression score.36.7%of the variance in this dimension can be explained by the above seven factors.Conclusion1.The care of maintenance hemodialysis patients is mainly undertaken by family members.The middle-aged female family members and patients' spouses play an important role in the care process.Most of the caregivers have low income level and long care time.2.The burden of care and positive feelings of the main caregivers of maintenance hemodialysis patients coexist at the same time,which is a medium-level burden of care and a medium-level positive feeling.3.The lower the social support of the main caregivers of maintenance hemodialysis is,the heavier the burden of caregivers will be,and serious depression will occur.The higher the social support of the main caregivers of maintenance hemodialysis,the better positive experience the caregivers can get in the process of care,and positive and optimistic emotions will be generated.4.The main caregivers of maintenance hemodialysis patients have different factors affecting their positive and negative feelings.Nurses should have a comprehensive understanding of caregivers' feelings and formulate solutions according to the specific situation.