| Objective:Understand the current situation of empathy fatigue of PICU nurses,including satisfaction,work fatigue and secondary trauma;analyze the general situation and influencing factors of nursing work environment and coping style;explore the influence of work environment and coping style on empathy fatigue of PICU nurses.Methods:A convenient sampling method was used to select a PICU nurse in a third-class A-level hospital in Changchun,a third-level A-level hospital in Shenyang,and a third-level A-level hospital in Shanghai.The study was conducted from May 2019 to October 2019 119 PICU nurses according inclusion and exclusion criteria conducted a questionnaire survey.The survey tool consisted of four parts:general data questionnaire,professional quality of life scale,simple coping style scale,and nursing work environment scale.Continuous data is used and the distribution is normal.The mean±standard deviation is used to indicate the characteristics of the data distribution.For non-normal distribution data,the median(interquartile range)is used to indicate the centralized and discrete trends of the data distribution.Percentiles were used to indicate the distribution characteristics of the counted data.?~2analysis was used for comparison between groups,and Fisher's test was used when necessary.The continuous normal distribution data between two groups was compared using t test,and the comparison between three groups and above was analyzed using ANOVA;the continuous non-normal distribution data was compared between groups using Mann-Whitney U Kruskal-Wallis H test was used to compare three groups and above.Use single-factor and multi-factor logistic regression analysis to explore the factors that affect empathic fatigue,work environment and coping styles.Among them,indicators with statistically significant differences in single-factor analysis results are included in the multi-factor logistic model.Pearson correlation analysis was used to explore the relevance of empathy fatigue,working environment and coping style of PICU nurses.Results:(1)Empathy fatigue satisfaction score 36.86±7.08,work fatigue score 26.59±4.98,secondary trauma score 25.08±7.69.Among the coping styles,the positive coping style score is23.19±5.90,the negative coping style score is 9.97±4.36;in the nursing work environment,the career development score is 23.33±4.12,the leadership and management score is 18.44±3.79,the doctors and nurses relationship score is 16.95±4.46,the recognition atmosphere score is 14.03±2.24,the professional independent score is 18.57±2.78,and the basic guarantee score is 12.64±3.59,and the sufficient manpower score is 12.43±3.33.(2)There was a significant difference in the score of nurses'empathy satisfaction with different marital status(P=0.039).There were significant differences in the score of nurses'negative coping style with different number and type of night shifts and work characteristics every month(P<0.05).There were significant differences in the total score of nursing work environment of nurses with different marital status and work characteristics(P<0.05).(3)In the dimensions of empathic fatigue:there was a positive correlation between the score of empathic satisfaction and the positive coping style,career development,the doctors and nurses relationship,recognition atmosphere,professional autonomy,basic guarantee,sufficient manpower and the total score of nursing work environment(P<0.05).Job burnout score was negatively correlated with positive coping with career development,leadership and management of the doctors and nurses relationship,recognition atmosphere,professional autonomy,basic guarantee,sufficient manpower and nursing work environment,and positively correlated with negative coping score(P<0.05).The score of secondary trauma was negatively correlated with the positive coping to career development,leadership and management,the doctors and nurses relationship,recognition atmosphere,professional autonomy,basic guarantee,sufficient manpower and the total score of nursing work environment,and positively correlated with the score of negative response(P<0.05).(4)Positive coping to atmosphere and recognition are the protective factors of empathy satisfaction.Positive coping and basic guarantee are protective factors of job burnout,negative coping is risk factor.Positive coping and sufficient manpower are protective factors of secondary trauma,negative coping is risk factor.Conclusion:(1)PICU nurses have a high level of empathy and fatigue;coping styles are in a state of coexistence of positive coping styles and negative coping styles;the scores of all dimensions of the nursing work environment are close to the median level,and the nursing work environment cannot be considered good.(2)In the dimensions of empathic fatigue:empathy satisfaction in empathy fatigue is significantly correlated with positive coping style and nursing work environment.Job burnout was significantly correlated with coping style and nursing work environment.Secondary trauma was significantly correlated with positive coping style and nursing work environment.(3)The influencing factors of empathy satisfaction of PICU nurses include positive coping and recognition atmosphere,the influencing factors of job burnout include professional development,basic security,coping style.and the influencing factors of secondary trauma including coping style and sufficient manpower. |
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