Analysis Of Distribution Characteristics And Influencing Factors Of Hospitalized Elderly Patients

ObjectiveThe purpose of this study is to retrospective investigation summarizes the distribution characteristics and influencing factors of different types of wounds in the elderly,and provides a theoretical basis for preventing and controlling the occurrence of wounds in the elderly and carrying out related work.MethodsThis study used a hospital-based retrospective study to collect data from elderly patients who met the screening criteria during a screening period from January 1,2015 to December 31,2017:including demographic characteristics.The distribution of wounds,the cause of wound formation,the influencing factors of wounds,the microbial environment of wounds,the length of hospital stay and hospitalization expenses.By collecting the above data,the distribution characteristics and influencing factors of the wounds of the elderly were obtained,which provided theoretical support for the prevention and control of the wounds of the elderly.The above data were analyzed by descriptive statistical methods.The categorical variables were compared with the X~2 test or the Fisher test.The continuous variables were compared with the T test.The software used includes WPS Excel,Epidata3.0,SPSS 20.0.Results1?Demographic characteristics of the elderly wounds:A total of 452subjects were screened,including 278 males(61.5%)and 174 females(38.5%).The male to female ratio was 1.598:1,and the age distribution of the patients was 65-97 years old.The average age is(75.54±8.422)years old;the cultural level is mainly primary school and below,accounting for46.46%.2?Distribution characteristics of wounds in the elderly:chronic wounds account for a high proportion of all wounds(92.48%);the departments of the elderly wounds are widely distributed,and the most common types of wounds in different departments are different;the wounds of the elderly occur in the lower limbs,except for oppression.Outside the sexual wounds,the wounds formed by various causes are good for the lower limbs,accounting for 75.00%of all wound sites;the wounds of the elderly occur in the winter,and there are seasonal differences in the wounds produced by different causes(?~2=38.888,P=0.001).3?The cause of wounds in the elderly:diabetes is the most common cause of wounds in the elderly,the cause of wounds in different age groups is significantly different(?2=90.430,P=0.000),and the difference in the cause of different gender wounds is not statistically significant(?~2=8.721,P=0.190).4?The influencing factors of the elderly wounds:the most common cause of diabetes wounds is trauma(34.44%),of which accidental collision injury is the most important cause of trauma(58.06%);iatrogenic injury as an uncontrollable cause is diabetes wounds The second important cause of formation is 16.48%),the ratio of controllable to uncontrollable inducement is 5.1:1;the most important feature of oppressive wounds is bed rest(93.44%).The most common cause of bed rest in the elderly is cerebral infarction(35.09%);the most common cause of traumatic wounds It is a self-fall(45.61%).5?Infectious pathogens in the elderly:The microbial infection of the wounds in the elderly is complicated.A total of 257 positive bacteria were recorded,including 133 Gram-negative bacilli,102 Gram-positive cocci,and 6 Gram-positive bacilli.There are 16 strains and 48 species of pathogenic bacteria.Staphylococcus aureus is the most common pathogen of wounds in the elderly.6?Inpatient hospitalization time and expenses for the elderly:Basic medical insurance is the main source of hospitalization expenses for the elderly;the average hospitalization cost of the elderly patients(P25?P75)is 32385 yuan(14874?70690),and the average hospitalization cost of the lower extremity arterial group is the highest.The average hospitalization time(P25?P75)of elderly patients with wounds was 16 days(10?32),and the average length of hospital stay was the longest in the female compression group.ConclusionsAs the population ages,more elderly people are at risk of wounds,and various types of wounds have certain clinical characteristics.Targeted prevention and control based on distribution characteristics can help reduce the incidence of such wounds,thereby reducing the burden of disease and improving the quality of life of the elderly.