Analysis Of 528 Cases Of Superficial Mycoses And Its Pathogenic Fungi Strains In Qingdao

Objective:Investigate the composition and distribution of superficial mycoses and pathogenic bacteria in the patients of the Department of Dermatology of the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University,analyze the distribution characteristics of superficial mycoses in gender,age and quarter,So as to provide scientific reference for the prevention,clinical diagnosis and rational use of superficial mycoses.Methods:Collected patients who had clinical characteristics of typical superficial mycosis in the dermatology clinics of three hospitals(Shinan Hospital,Laoshan Hospital,Huangdao Hospital)of Qingdao University Affiliated Hospital from May 2018 to May2019,Take the dandruff,nail dandruff and disease of the affected area for fungal microscopic examination and fungal culture,and select the cases with positive microscopic examination and culture results to be included in the research object;the positive culture strains were preliminarily identified by observing the colony color and morphology,and further accurately identified by the matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry detection system.Rare ribosomal DNA(rDNA)ITS Sequence determination and record the identification results of bacterial species.Statistics on the composition of the disease species and pathogenic bacteria species,and sorted out separately from the aspects of gender,age,quarter,and statistical analysis of the results obtained by SPSS 25.0 statistical software.Results:Among the pathogenic fungi identified,371strains(70.27%)of dermatophytes,146 strains(27.65%)of yeast,8 strains(1.52%)of were aspergillus,3 strains(0.57%)of pathogenic bacteria of other conditions;among the dermatophytes,250 strains(47.35%)of Trichophyton rubrum and 92 strains(17.42%)of Trichophyton mentagrophytes.The collected 528 cases of superficial mycoses were 132 cases(25.00%)of onychomycosis,115 cases(21.78%)of tinea pedis,83 cases(15.72%)of tinea cruris,and 61 cases(11.55%)of tinea versicolor,57 cases(10.80%)of tinea corporis,32 cases(6.06%)of tinea manuum,29 cases(5.49%)of Malassezia folliculitis,13 cases(2.46%)of cutaneous candidiasis,and 6 cases(1.14%)of tinea capitis.78 strains(59.09%)of Trichophyton rubrum,25 strains(18.94%)of yeast and 22 strains(16.67%)of Trichophyton mentagrophytes were isolated from onychomycosis specimens;86 strains(58.50%)of Trichophyton rubrum,42 strains(28.57%)of Trichophyton mentagrophytes,and 10strains(6.80%)of yeast were isolated from specimens of patients with tinea manuum and tinea pedis;85 strains(60.71%)of Trichophyton rubrum,28 strains(20.00%)of Trichophyton mentagrophytes and 8 strains(5.71%)of yeast were isolated from specimens of patients with tinea cruris and tinea corporis;the main pathogenic fungi of tinea capitis:5 strains(83.33%)of Microsporum canis,and 1 strain(16.67%)of Trichophyton rubrum.There are certain differences in the composition and distribution of superficial mycoses species in different genders,age groups,and quarters.The proportion of males in patients with tinea cruris(?~2=33.905,P<0.05)and tinea corporis(?~2=8.505,P=0.003)was significantly higher than that of females,and the proportion of females in onychomycosis(?~2=22.381,P<0.05)and tinea pedis(?~2=-9.488,P=0.002)was higher than that of males,the difference was statistically significant.The differences in the proportions of tinea cruris(?~2=14.568,P=0.024),malassezia folliculitis(?~2=22.067,P=0.001),onychomycosis(?~2=14.102,P=0.029)and pityriasis versicolor(?~2=15.709,P=0.015)between different age groups are statistically significant,tinea cruris,Malassezia folliculitis accounted for the largest proportion in the 21?30 age group,onychomycosis and pityriasis versicolor accounted for the largest proportion in the 31?40 age group,and most patients with tinea capitis(?~2=92.281,P<0.05)are concentrated in the?10-year-old age group;the proportion of tinea pedis(?~2=14.257,P=0.025),tinea cruris(?~2=11.152,P=0.048)and pityriasis versicolor(?~2=12.458,P=0.039)in summer is greater than that in the other three seasons,and the distribution of onychomycosis(?~2=4.425,P=0.219)in different seasons is not statistically significant.Conclusion:The pathogenic fungi of the patients with superficial mycoses in the dermatology department of the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University are mainly dermatophytes,among which the trichophyton rubrum is the first pathogen,followed by the trichophyton mentagrophytes.Onychomycosis is the most common superficial fungal disease,followed by tinea pedis and tinea cruris.The distribution characteristics of pathogenic bacteria of different superficial mycoses are different.Among them,the proportion of yeasts in onychomycosis pathogens has increased.There are more male patients than females;among them,patients with tinea cruris and tinea corporis are significantly more male than females,while patients with onychomycosis and tinea pedis are more than males.Patients with tinea cruris,malassezia folliculitis,onychomycosis,and pityriasis versicolor are more common in young and middle-aged patients,and tinea capitis patients are mainly adolescents.Tinea pedis,pityriasis versicolor and tinea corporis are most common in summer,and onychomycosis varies little in each season.