| Objective We aim to understand the basic knowledge of AIDS prevention and treatment and knowledge about HIV occupational exposure,and to explore the correlation between different factors and medical staff's knowledge of HIV occupational exposure,which are employed to better prevent or respond to HIV occupations for medical workers.This study also put forward effective suggestions and measures,and further establish health education and intervention with government,community,hospital and other platforms to improve the medical environment for HIV patients.Methods This study adopts the method of cross-sectional study.The data was collected from the medical staff of many medical machines in a certain district of Guangzhou by questionnaire survey.The contents of the questionnaire mainly included the basic characteristics of demographics,attitudes toward occupational exposure of HIV/AIDS.Furthermore,a survey on behavioral measures is related to occupational exposure prevention,discrimination against HIV/AIDS patients,and knowledge of occupational exposure protection.The data were statistically analyzed using spss19.0,the results of which were statistically described by positive frequency and percentage.The factors were also used to analyze the knowledge of HIV occupational exposure by medical staff in single factor and multi-factor logistic regression analysis.Results(1)A total of 770 questionnaires were distributed in this survey,and the effective recovery rate was 96.1%(740 valid questionnaires).Of the 740 medical staff,47.3% received training on AIDS occupational exposure in the past year,while 52.0% indicated no.(2)Among the survey results,54.5% of 740 people indicated that they would be exposed to the blood and body fluid splashes during diagnosis and treatment for HIV patients.When the skin of HIV patient's hand was damaged,76.4% of medical staff,who were exposed to the blood and body fluids during the diagnosis and treatment,have taken precautions.It indicates that medical personnel have a higher awareness of prevention from the high percentage figures.(3)There are 443 people indicated that they have treat HIV/AIDS patients as normal.A 16.8% of the total(124 people)said that they would not be treated normally,and 22.7% of the total(168 people)was unclear.However,only 48.2% of medical staff are willing to undergo surgery,27.9% said it does not matter,and 22.2% of medical staff are unwilling to perform surgery.(4)Half of all medical staff(50.1%)expressed their willingness to eat with HIV/AIDS patients,but 29.1% of the other half suggested they were unwilling,and 18.8% said it was unclear.In the case interview,86.7% of the medical staff,who were unwilling to contact HIV patients,believed that they were mainly worried about being infected,and 80.0% of the medical staff also recognized their own psychological problems.However,88.2% of medical staff indicated that HIV/AIDS patients also have the right to work and live normally,and 46.8% said that HIV/AIDS patients deserve sympathy.(5)The overall awareness rate of the subject's basic knowledge of occupational exposure was 47.3%.In all people with general knowledge,among the doctors,a total of 146 people were known,accounting for 54.7%,And the knowledge of the other categories of medical staff was less than 50%,and the difference was statistically significant(chi-square=11.01,P=0.03).According to the classification results of professional titles,the higher the professional title,the higher the awareness rate was exhibited,which is derived from primary,intermediate,sub-high and positive high levels orderly related to awareness rate of 44.2%,49.8%,50%,and 56.3%,respectively.According to the degree of education,the higher the level of education,the higher the awareness rate was shown.The proportion of knowledge of graduate students and above,undergraduate,junior college,technical secondary school and below is: 49.2%>48.9%>47.8%>30.8%.(6)Univariate logistic regression analysis showed that gender(P=0.772),age(P=0.277),marital status(P=0.552>0.05),and education level(P=0.441)haveno significant difference in the knowledge of HIV occupational exposure among medical staff with similar characteristics.There were correlations among different types of personnel,professional titles and occupational exposure knowledge(P<0.05).The analysis of multi-factor regression results is available.With other occupations as the control,the doctor's mastery is the best due to 3.73 times that of other people,followed by nursing staff with 3.47 times.In different professional titles,other personnel are also taken as the control.The knowledge of senior professional titles is the best,4.28 times of other personnel,2.77 times of the deputy high,3.47 times for intermediate level.Conclusions(1)According to the results of the population epidemiological questionnaire,the proportion of people receiving HIV/AIDS occupational exposure training was less than half.After HIV/AIDS occupational exposure,a small number of medical personnel have weak awareness of protection,which means that through relevant training and publicity and education,the awareness of occupational exposure protection of medical personnel can be improved.(2)Most medical personnel have a more positive attitude when occupational exposure to HIV/AIDS patients,but some medical personnel still have discriminatory attitude towards HIV/AIDS patients.It is indicated that some medical personnel have insufficient knowledge of AIDS prevention and treatment for different personnel in categories and titles with trained experience in different ways to enable medical staff to eliminate discrimination and create a good medical care environment for HIV/AIDS patients.(3)The degree of mastery of HIV/AIDS occupational exposure is uneven.The types and titles of personnel are the factors affecting the knowledge of occupational exposure of HIV/AIDS.In the future,regular training and strict implementation of operational norms should be strengthened.Mastering the basic knowledge of occupational exposure of HIV/AIDS in theoretical knowledge can also minimize the risk of occupational exposure in practice. |
PDF Full Text Request