Study On Frailty Level And Influencing Factors Of The Elderly In Changsha's Nursing Home

Objective(1)To understand the prevalence of frailty among the elderly in Changsha's nursing home;(2)Analyze the influencing factors of the frailty status of the nursing home in Changsha,and explore in depth the association of the variables affecting the degree of frailty.Methods In this study,a random sampling method was used to randomly select 6 old-age care institutions in Changsha,and select the 265 elderly who stayed in these 6 old-age care institutions for more than 1 month from April 2019 to October 2019 as the survey object.General information questionnaire,Chinese version of Tilburg Frailty Indicator,MMSE,Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index Scale,UCLA Loneliness Scale,Geriatric Depression Scale,Social Support Rating Scale were used to meet inclusion,exclusion criteria and informed consent Questionnaire survey conducted by seniors.SPSS 21.0 software is used for statistical description and analysis,and AMOS21.0 software is used for structural equation model analysis.The main statistical methods are descriptive analysis,chi-square test,Pearson correlation analysis,multiple stepwise linear regression analysis,structural equation model analysis,etc.Results(1)The mean score of total frailty of the elderly in nursing home is(6.97±3.64)points,the total average score of the physical frailty was(3.31±2.13)points,the total average score of the psychological frailty was(1.78±1.35)points,and the total average score of the social frailty was(1.89±0.87)points;the incidence of frailty was 59.2%.(2)Cognitive function,sleep quality,loneliness,social support,and depression scores of the elderly in nursing home(1)The average score of cognitive function was(22.63±5.67)points;40.75% of the elderly had cognitive impairment;(2)The average sleep quality score was(9.46±4.97)points;55.50%of the elderly had poor sleep quality,27.90% of the elderly had average sleep quality,and 16.60% of the elderly had normal sleep quality;(3)The average score of loneliness was(40.05±13.90)points,58.87%of which are intermediate and above loneliness;(4)The average score of social support was(31.81±6.63)points;9.1%of the elderly are low-level social support,86.8% of the elderly are medium-level support,and 4.2% of the elderly are high-level social support;(5)The average depression score was(1.43±1.75)points,and the incidence of depressive symptoms was 35.8%.(3)The results of multiple linear regression showed that the number of falls,self-assessed health status,depression score,and loneliness score could positively predict the overall frailty score,while physical activity and cognitive function scores could negatively predict the frailty score,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05);sleep quality could positively predict physical frailty,and social support could negatively predict social frailty,and the differences were statistically significant(P <0.05).(4)The results of the structural equation model show that depression,loneliness,and sleep quality all have a direct impact on the frailty of the elderly in nursing home.In addition,depression symptoms and social support can also affect the frailty through the mediating effect of cognitive function.and the difference was statistically significant.(P<0.05).Conclusions(1)the prevalence of overall frailty among the elderly in Changsha's nursing home is high;(2)The major influencing factors of frailty in nursing home include the number of falls,self-assessed health status,physical activity,etc.In addition,loneliness,depression,sleep quality,cognitive function,social support and other factors can directly and/or indirectly affect frailty in nursing home.