| Objective: This study aimed to investigate the nutritional status of the elderly in Nursing Homes in Shijiazhuang. To help health care workers to identify the elderly individuals who in the risk of malnutrition or in a state of malnutrition. It aimed to explore the influence factors linked to malnutrition in elderly people in Nursing Home in Shijiazhuang. To provide scientific guidance for the health care workers to implement scientific and effective intervention measures. To improve the nutrition and health condition of the elderly in Nursing Home in Shijiazhuang city.Methods: This study was mainly adopted questionnaire survey. The time of the survey was during June to August in 2015.The respondents included 598 old people older than 60 years of age within the inclusion criteria or exclusion criteria. All elderly people underwent Mini Nutritional Assessment(MNA)?Geriatric Depression Scale(GDS) and Activity of Daily Living Scale(ADL) tests via one-on-one interview method. The demographic properties of the elderly were also recorded during this interview. Physical examination index(height, weight, upper arm circumference, crus surrounds and blood pressure) according to the unified standard to measure. The survey data include the demographic properties and nutritional status of the elderly were presented with a statistical description with frequency, constituent ratios,means and the standard deviations. Continuous variables were tested by normal testing and ANOVA. Kruskall-Wallis test was used for non-normally distributed variables,and chi-square test was used for categorical variables. The t test was used for numerical variables. Logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the independent predictors of malnutrition. Taking MNA scores as the dependent variable,and the survey data included the demographic properties,GDS scores and ADL scores as the independent variables,a multiple linear regression model was established to explor the main influence factors of the elderly nutritional status. All the data used SPSS19.0 software for statistical analysis.Results:1 This study surveyed 598 people over 60 years old in nursing home. Their age ranged in 60 ~ 95 years old. The average age was 81.28±9.17;The number of male elderly was 380,the number of female elderly was 218;MNA results showed that the incidence of malnutrition was 18.90%, the incidence of malnutrition risk was 37.12%.2 The incidence of chronic diseases of the elderly in the nursing home was high. In this study,378 cases(63.2%)of the elderly people suffered from one or more chronic diseases. 26(4.30%) cases of the elderly people suffered from a chronic disease;340(56.90%) cases of the elderly with two or three kinds of chronic diseases;Those suffered from three or more chronic diseases was 12(2.00%) cases. The study also found that the prevalence of hypertension was the highest in the elderly in nursing home, reached 47.6%, the prevalence of diabetes was 36.8%, the incidence of coronary heart disease was 30.1%.3 The average score of the elderly depression was 6.66±3.63.The minimum value was 0,the maximum value was 15. 89.3%(534)of the investigated elderly people scored 0~10 points,no depression symptoms; 10.7%(64)of the investigated elderly people scored 11~15 points,had mild depression symptoms.4 With MNA score as the dependent variable, various influence factors(such as(1)age;(2)the degree of education;(3)marital status;(4)management for money;(5)physical exercise;(6) depression scores;(7)daily life ability(ADL) scale scores;(8)chronic disease and medications) as independent variables, into the multiple linear regression analysis. The result was that controlled by the high level of education, physical exercise, economic ability were the protection factors of the nutritional status in elderly people;suffering from chronic diseases, high depression scores, high ADL scores were the risk factors of the nutritional status of the old man.Conclusion:1 The incidence of malnutrition of the elderly in nursing home in Shijiazhuang was not high, but the incidence of malnutrition risk was higher.2 The prevalence of chronic diseases of the elderly in nursing home in Shijiazhuang was high. The prevalence of hypertension was the highest.3 Many factors can affect the nutritional status of the old people in nursing home. To improve the nutritional status of old people,comprehensive intervention measures should be taken. |
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