The Application Of IMB Model In The Health Education Of Patients With Psoriasis

Objective:1.To explore the influence of the health education program based on IMB model on the disease knowledge level,self-efficacy,self-management ability,quality of life and psychological state of patients with psoriasis,so as to provide reference for the development of effective health education program for psoriasis and provide new ideas for clinical nursing work.2.Through the implementation of IMB model health education program for patients with psoriasis,the purpose of improving patients' disease knowledge,self-efficacy and self-management level,and improving patients' quality of life and psychological state is achieved.Methods:From January 2019 to June 2019,249 patients with psoriasis in the dermatology ward of a third-grade a hospital in Beijing were selected,and grouped by disease area.124 patients in the first disease area were in the control group,and 125 patients in the second disease area were in the experimental group,which all met the inclusion criteria.The control group received routine health education according to the department,mainly including simple inpatient guidance,discharge education and follow-up after discharge.Patients in the experimental group received health education of IMB model.The health education of IMB model was divided into preparation period,information intervention period,motivation intervention period and behavior skill intervention period.The main contents are as follows:1.Preparation period: conduct a preliminary assessment of the overall situation of the patients,comprehensively understand the actual needs and psychological conditions of the patients,identify the weak points,and find out the main contents,methods and methods of targeted health education intervention for the next information intervention period;2.Information intervention phase: based on the assessment of patients' disease knowledge level and the investigation of their knowledge needs in the preparation phase,it is necessary to help patients acquire correct knowledge and information related to the disease,strengthen their understanding of psoriasis,and achieve the purpose of information intervention.The experimental group of patients mainly need is to strengthen the knowledge of the following aspects: the factors causing or inducing the aggravation of psoriasis,psoriasis medication precautions,psoriasis skin care guidance,psoriasis diet guidance,psoriasis how to exercise and rest,psychological adjustment guidance.The main ways of intervention were to distribute knowledge manuals,organize health lecture halls regularly,and hold one-on-one talks with nurses and patients.3.Motivational intervention phase: enhance the motivation of patients to participate in promoting healthy behaviors,help patients solve the negative psychology in the treatment process,and establish a positive attitude and firm belief in self-care.4.Behavioral skills intervention phase: training patients' self-care behavioral skills,mainly including taking medicine on time,avoiding scratching,giving up smoking and drinking,diet,exercise and psychological adjustment methods.This study lasted three months,before the intervention,at discharge,one month and three months discharged from hospital,in order to reflect the effect of intervention in patients we did some research,with psoriasis knowledge questionnaire,self-efficacy scale,psoriasis patient self-management behavior questionnaire,quality of life index scale,self-evaluation of depression,anxiety self-evaluation table,for the data sorting,entry,use SPSS 22.0 were analyzed.Results:A total of 249 patients with psoriasis were included in this study.By the end of the study,24 patients were lost to follow-up,with a total loss to follow-up rate of 9.6%.1.Before intervention: there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in general information,psoriasis knowledge score,self-efficacy score,self-management behavior score,quality of life score,anxiety score,depression score,etc.(P > 0.05),and the two groups were comparable.2.After intervention: scores of psoriasis knowledge,self-efficacy and self-management behavior at discharge time,one month after discharge and three months after discharge were higher in the experimental group than in the control group,and scores of quality of life,anxiety and depression were lower in the experimental group than in the control group,with statistically significant differences(P < 0.05).Conclusion:Psoriasis,as a chronic skin disease,is very easy to relapse.Patients need to coexist with the disease for a long time.Scientific self-management of the disease and the establishment and maintenance of healthy behaviors and lifestyles are crucial to improve the quality of life of patients and reduce the recurrence rate.In this study,IMB model was used as the theoretical framework to formulate health education measures.Through the investigation of relevant situations of patients,the existing problems of patients were understood,and then targeted interventions were carried out.Improve the disease knowledge of patients with psoriasis through the circulation of health lecture hall and one-on-one explanation by nurses and patients.The use of case demonstration,the development of goals,the exchange of patients to enhance the level of personal motivation and social motivation;Bedside demonstration and other forms to teach the patient behavior skills.Comprehensive intervention was conducted from three aspects:information,motivation and behavior skills.The scores of disease knowledge,self-efficacy and self-management behavior in the experimental group were all higher than those in the control group,and the scores of quality of life,anxiety and depression were lower than those in the control group,indicating that the intervention effect of the experimental group was significantly better than that of the control group.The health education program of IMB model not only improves patients' disease knowledge,self-efficacy and self-management level,and improves patients' quality of life and psychological state,but also provides new ideas and methods for the development of health education program of dermatology,and also lays a foundation for the clinical application of IMB model-based health education.