A Study Of Cognitive Impairment,EEG And Related Factors In Patients With First-episode And Recurrent Depression

Objective:To research the cognitive function in patients with first-episode and recurrent depressive disorder,discusses the characteristics of cognitive impairment,EEG changes and relationship between them.Methods:The research object was the inpatient patients who Department of psychological hygiene,the second hospital of LanZhou university from June 2019 to November 2019,consistent with the diagnostic criteria of depression(ICD-10),According to the form of onset,the patients were divided into the first-episode group and the recurrence group,A total of 65 patients were enrolled,36 in the initial group and 29 in the recurrence group.Hamilton Depression Scale(HAMD-24)and Hamilton Anxiety Scale(HAMA)were used to evaluate the severity of symptom,Cognitive function was assessed by the Montreal cognitive assessment scale(MoCA).At the same time,EEG was measured to observe waveform and frequency,and the collected data were statistically analyzed by SPSS22 software,the counting data were tested by x~2,and the measurement data were expressed by mean±standard deviation(?x±s),and t test was used.The factors affecting cognitive function were analyzed by binary Logistic regression.Results:(1)The first-episode depressive disorder group had higher scores in terms of the naming ability,attention,language ability,abstract thinking ability and total score of MoCA than the recurrent depressive disorder group,showed statistically significant differences(P<0.05).(2)Age was negatively correlated with visual space and executive function,attention,time-lapse memory,language ability,naming ability,abstract thinking and MoCA total score(r=-0.510,-0.486,-0.643,-0.506,-0.596,-0.347,-0.613,all P<0.01).The number of years of education was significantly positively correlated with the scores of visual space and executive function,attention,time-lapse memory,language ability,naming ability,abstract thinking and the total score of MoCA(r=0.757,0.782,0.784,0.820,0.814,0.589,0.838,all P<0.01).Seizure frequency was significantly negatively correlated with visual space and executive function,naming ability,attention,language ability,abstract thinking,and total MoCA scores(r=-0.277,-0.286,-0.403,-0.472,-0.455,-0.312,all P<0.05).(3)The total score of HAMD was negatively correlated with naming ability(r=-0.256,P<0.05).There was a negative correlation between total course of disease,Seizure frequency and?amplitude(uv)(r=-0.398,-0.455,P<0.01),.The total score of CTQ-SF showed a significant positive correlation with the total score of HAMD(r=0.458,P<0.05).(4)There were statistically significant differences between patients with normal cognitive function and patients with cognitive dysfunction in the onset form,living environment,negative concept,suicide risk and EEG abnormality(P<0.05).(5)Among the independent variables included in the Logistic regression model to analyze the factors related to the cognitive function of patients with depressive disorder,age,years of education,onset form(first or recurrence),living environment(urban or rural),negative attitude,normal or abnormal EEG had statistical significance(P<0.05).Each increase in age by one year was associated with a 1.177-fold increase in the risk of cognitive impairment in depressed patients(OR=1.177,95%CI:1.052-1.317).Conclusions:(1)Both first-episode and recurrent depressive disorder have cognitive impairment,the cognitive function of the patients with first-episode depressive disorder was impaired less than that of the patients with recurrent depressive disorder,which was mainly manifested in terms of the visual space and executive function,naming ability,attention,language ability,abstract thinking.(2)Age,education level,Seizure frequency are all associated with impaired cognitive function,The older you are,the less educated you are,the more episodes you have,and the more cognitive impairment you have.(3)Age,living environment,and the presence or absence of negative attitudes were risk factors for cognitive impairment of depression.Compared with those living in cities,patients with depressive disorder who had negative attitudes had an increased risk of cognitive impairment.(4)The electroencephalogram(EEG)abnormalities in patients with depressive disorder mainly show that the frequency of alpha wave slows down,beta wave and theta wave increase,and complex delta wave appears.Compared with patients with normal cognitive function,patients with cognitive impairment had an increased rate of abnormal EEG.Conversely,abnormal electroencephalography may indicate an increased risk of cognitive impairment.