The Status Of Pain And Its Correlation With Pain Beliefs,and Positive And Negative Affect Among Patients With Cancer

Objective To investigate the status of pain aomg patients with cancer pain using a multidimensional assessment scale,and analyze the relationship between general information,pain beliefs,positive and negative affect and pain,in order to provide theoretical basis for enriching the related studies,and formulate effective pain intervention measures.Methods Taking a convenient sampling method,208 patients with cancer pain were selected from the oncology department of a tertiary A hospital in Shandong Province to carry out a questionnaire survey.The survey included:general information questionnaire,brief pain inventory(BPI),pain belief and perception scale(PBPI),positive and negative affect scale(PANAS).SPSS23.0 statistical software was used for statistical analysis.Statistical methods included descriptive statistical analysis,one-way analysis of variance,independent sample t test,Pearson correlation analysis,and linear stratified regression analysis.Results1.Demographic,clinical and pain characteristics of patients with cancer painThe age of 208 patients with cancer pain was between 26 and 85 years old,with an average of(50.20±12.52)years old.Among them,59.62%were male;99.04%of patients were married;66.83%of patients had the normal BMI index;69.71%of patients received junior high school education;56.73%of patients lived in rural areas;42.79%of patients were retired;58.65%of patients were in balance of income;36.06%of patients had a history of chronic disease;in clinical stage,patients in stage? accounted for 59.61%,in stage IV accounted for 23.08%;with tumor in respiratory system accounting for 38.94%;44.71%of the patients had comorbidities;53.37%of the patients had a disease duration of less than 6 months,which was slightly higher than the proportion of>6 months(46.63%);72.12%of patients used comprehensive treatment(combination of surgery,radiotherapy and chemotherapy).74.04%of the patients had chest/abdominal/back pain,14.90%had head/neck pain,11.06%had the extremities pain;half(50.00%)of them had neuropathic pain,46.15%had nociceptive pain and 3.85%had other nature pain;the pain duration of more than half(60.10%)of the patients were ?30 min;majority(86.54%)of them treated with simple medication;and 63.94%relieved>70%after receiving treatment.2.The score of pain and the differences of pain scores in demographic characteristics,clinical information,and pain characteristics in patients with cancer painCancer pain patients have a pain perception dimension score ranging from 0 to 29 points,with an average score of(12.47±5.51)points;a pain response dimension score ranging from 0 to 70 points,with an average score of(32.14±17.13)points.The two dimensions were used as dependent variables for a single factor analysis.The results showed that,in terms of demographic factors,the perception dimension had a statistically significant difference in economic status(P=0.045),and the response dimension score was in both occupational and economic status.Differences in variables were statistically significant(P=0.047,0.043);in clinically relevant factors,differences in perception dimensions and response dimensions in comorbidities were statistically significant(both P<0.001),and there were no statistics in the remaining variables Significance;in terms of pain characteristics,the difference between the perception dimension and the response dimension at the pain site is statistically significant(P=0.023,0.014);the difference between the perception dimension and the response dimension in the nature of pain and the duration of pain is statistically significant(All P<0.001),and the perception dimension has statistically significant differences in pain treatment measures and pain relief after treatment(P=0.004,0.007).3.Stratified linear regression analysis of Factors affecting pain score in patients with cancer painThe related demographic data,clinical data and pain characteristics(referred to the variables with statistically significance in univariate analysis)were included as control variables in the first layer of regression equation,and after centralizing the dimensions of pain belief(mystery,permanence,invariance,self-reproach),positive affect and negative affect,the variables were included in the second layer,and the binary product items(mystery × positive affect,mystery × negative affect,permanent× positive affect,permanent × negative affect,invariance × positive affect,invariance× negative affect,self-reproach × positive affect and self-reproach × negative affect)were included in the third layer for analysis.The results show that for the perception dimension,after controlling the relevant variables in the first layer,the invariance in the second layer(?=0.339,P<0.001)has a predictive effect,and the explanatory amount of all variables is 40.3%(R2=0.403);Invariance(?=0.335,P<0.001),invariance x negative emotions 0.166,P=0.033)in the three layers have a predictive effect,and the explanatory quantity of all variables is 43.5%(R2=0.435).Further using a simple slope analysis method to verify the interaction,it was found that Among individuals with high negative emotions,the invariance of pain beliefs has a statistically significant prediction on the perception dimension(?=0.642,P<0.001),while among individuals with low negative emotions,the invariance of pain beliefs to the perception dimensions The prediction is statistically significant(?=0.641,P=0.045).For the reaction dimension,after controlling the relevant variables in the first layer,the mystery(?=0.211,P=0.003),invariance(?=0.154,P=0.046),negative emotions(?=0.196,P=0.002)has a predictive effect on the response dimension,and the explanatory amount of all variables is 41.6%(R2=0.416);the mystery in the third layer(?=0.241,P=0.001),negative emotions(?=0.193,P=0.003)has a predictive effect on the response dimension,and the interpretation of all variables is 45.3%(R2=0.453).Conclusions1.The degree of pain in patients with cancer pain is in the low-to-middle level,and the influence degree on the daily function of patients is in the low-to-middle level.2.Invariance in pain beliefs of cancer pain patients has a predictive effect on the pain perception dimension,and mystery,invariance dimension and negative emotions in pain belief have a predictive effect on the pain response dimension.3.The interaction between invariance and negative emotions in pain beliefs has a predictive effect on the pain perception dimension of cancer pain patients.