Sleep Characteristics Among Students In Different Academic Level

Research background:Sleep is a very important physiological activity of the body,and sleep problem is a worldwide public problem,especially the sleep quality of students has been catching attention by researchers.In China,students are divided into primary school students,secondary school students,and university students according to their level of study.In the past,there were many pieces of literature to explore the sleep of one group,but few studies focused on the comparison and analysis of the sleep problems of these three groups.A cross-sectional survey based on students from school was conducted to compare and investigate the relationship between poor subjective sleep quality(PSSQ)in Chinese students with socio-demographic factors and sleep problems of all students from three groups.Objective:1.To study sociodemographic factors,sleep patterns and sleep problems of the students in the primary,secondary and university students in Southern China2.To explore the relationship between the predictors of PSSQ.Methods:A cross-sectional survey was conducted among primary,secondary and university students from Ningbo and Guangzhou with a sample size of 10890.The survey contents included sociodemographic factors(gender,age,only child or not,parents' education attainment,family income,etc.),sleep patterns(weekdays bedtime and wake-up time,weekend bedtime and wake-up time,subjective sleep quality),sleep problems(difficult to fall asleep,wake up early,wake up in the middle of the night,difficulty in breathing,nightmare,etc.).Primary school students are assisted by their parents to fill the questionnaire,secondary school students and university students fill in by themselves with the instructions from researchers and teachers.The sleep patterns and sleep problems of primary school students,secondary school students,and University students were compared by Chi-Square,the relationship between subjective poor sleep quality with socio-demographic factors and sleep problems is analyzed by multivariable logistic regression.Results:The sleep patterns of the three groups were compared:primary school group,secondary school group and university group:bedtime was 21.96±0.62,22.18±1.03,23.49± 0.74(h),wake-up time was 7.00± 1.04,6.24± 0.64,7,23 ± 0.67,respectively,and their sleep duration was 9.04 ± 0.68,8.05± 0.93,7.74 ±0.93.All groups catch up on their sleep debt on weekends and holidays.The percentages of students taking a nap were 71.5%,25.1%and 70%in primary,secondary and university respectively.The percentages of subjective poor sleep quality were 41.4%,23%,and 16.1%respectively.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that:Subjective inadequate sleep of primary school group was negatively correlated with BMI,and positively correlated with mothers' high education level and difficulty in falling asleep.Subjective inadequate sleep of secondary school group was positively correlated with age,male,nap time,low learning pressure,high learning interest,waking up at night,breathing discomfort,difficulty in falling asleep,early waking up and daytime sleepiness,and negatively correlated with father's high education level and screen time.In the university group,the subjective sleep deficit was negatively correlated with the habit of siesta,screen time and high learning interest,and positively correlated with low learning pressure,wake-up at night,respiratory discomfort,snoring,difficulty in falling asleep and early wake-up.Conclusion:Primary school students,secondary school students,and university students complain a lot of PSSQ which reflects the high prevalence of poor sleep among children and adolescents.There is a tendency to catch up sleep debt by sleeping more on weekends and vacation which further disrupts the sleep cycle in three groups of people.The factors influencing the subjective sleep deficit of the three groups were different,especially the sleep symptoms played an important role in affecting the subjective sleep deficit of the three groups to subjective inadequate sleep.Appropriate sleep health education and related policies are in need to improve the sleep quality of this special group.