Study Of 3D Video Games Training On Cognitive Function And Regional Homogeneity In The Resting-state Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging In Patients With Stable Schizophrenia

Objective:To explore the effects of 3D video games training on negative symptoms,positive symptoms,cognitive function and the regional homogeneity(ReHo)of resting state brain activity of patients with stable schizophrenia.To explore the relationship between clinical symptoms and brain images of patients with stable schizophrenia before and after 3D video game training,so as to provide a new idea for non-pharmaceutical techniques of chronic schizophrenia.Method:Fifty stable patients who were diagnosed as schizophrenia by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders,fifth edition(DSM-V)were enrolled and randomly divided into trial group(n=25)and control group(n=25).During the course of therapy,the patients in trial group were trained with 3D video games,and the ones in the control group were observed in a standard routine program.Cognitive function was assessed with Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automatic Battery(CANTAB),psychiatric symptoms were assessed with Scale for Assessment of Negative Symptoms(SANS)and Scale for Assessment of Positive Symptoms(SAPS),and emotions were assessed with Hamilton Anxiety Scale(HAMA)and Hamilton Depression Scale-24 item(HAMD-24)at the baseline and the end of treatment.The differences of clinical symptoms and cognitive function between the two groups were compared.All participants were scanned using a 3.0T MRI system for the resting-state fMRI data before and after treatment.Data of 37 patients were included in statistical analysis after realignment.Statistical analysis of image data was processed by Statistical Parametric Mapping(SPM12)software and so on.The ReHo was calculated and compared.Results:1.At the end of treatment,there wasno statistically difference on the total score of HAMA and HAMD-24(P ?0.05),the total score of SANSandSAPS(P ?0.05),and the scores of various tests of cognitive function(P ?0.05)between the two groups.2.Compared with baseline,the total score of SANS and some cognitive function tests(PAL total errors)were significantdifference in the trial group(P?0.05),but not in the control group(P ? 0.05).3.At the baseline of treatment,the total score of SANS was positively correlated with the ReHo of left inferior temporal gyrus(r=0.395,P=0.016),and the SWM strategy score was negatively correlated with the ReHo of left middle occipital gyrus(r=-0.650,P? 0.001).4.Compared with the control group,the trial group showed significant increased ReHo in right orbitofrontal cortex(OFC)at the end of treatment(t=5.10,P? 0.05,topFDR-corrected for multiple comparisons,P? 0.005).Conclusion:The approach of 3D video games training may be a potential way to improve negative symptoms and cognitive function of schizophrenia.3D video game training can enhance the regional homogeneity of the orbitofrontal cortex in patients with schizophrenia.There may be other mechanisms for the effects of 3D video game training on negative symptoms and cognitive function of schizophrenia,which need to be further studied in the future.