| Objective:To investigate the characteristics of cognitive function in patients with schizophrenia,and to explore the characteristics of neurocognitive function and social cognitive impairment in schizophrenia patients with different course of disease and its influencing factors.Methods: A total of 108 patients were admitted to the outpatient and inpatients of the Wuxi Mental Health Center in Jiangsu Province from June 2017 to June 2018.Among them,95 patients completed all the tests and were effectively enrolled.According to the course of the disease,the patients were divided into three groups,including 26 patients with a disease duration of less than 6 months,32 patients with a disease course of 6months to 5 years,and 37 patients with a disease duration of 5 years or more.There are30 healthy people with no family history of mental disorder were selected as the control group.The severity of psychotic symptoms in patients with schizophrenia was assessed by the Positive and Negative Symptoms Scale(PANSS)and the Interpersonal Perception Task-15(IPT-15)was used to assess the social cognitive function of all groups.Wisconsin Card Sorting Test(WCST),China Revised Wechsler Digit Span(WDS),Tower of Hanoi(TOH),Continuous Performance Test(CPT)and the Stroop Color Word Test were used to assess the neurocognitive function of patients and controls.The data were statistically analyzed by SPSS 16.0.Results:1.The results of IPT-15 test showed that the scores of IPT-15 total score,intimate relationship and affiliation of the three groups of schizophrenia patients were lower than thecontrol group,and the difference was statistically significant(F=3.313 ~ 4.184,P=0.007~0.022),but there was no significant difference in the scores of kinship,competition and deception between the four groups(P>0.05).There was no significant difference in IPT-15 scores between schizophrenia patients with different course of disease(P>0.05)..2.The results of CPT test showed that there were statistically significant differences between the four groups in the number of correct,number of errors,number of omissions,and reaction time in the visual and auditory attention and auditory attention tests(F=2.696~4.701,P=0.001~0.049).).Further comparison between the two groups showed that in the visual and auditory attention test,the correct number of the three groups of schizophrenia patients was significantly lower than that of the control group,and the number of missed and the reaction time were higher than the control group(P<0.05).In the auditory attention test,the correct number of patients with a course of more than 5 years was significantly lower than that of the control group,and the number of misses and the response time were higher than those of the control group(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the visual and auditory and auditory continuous attention tests between patients with different schizophrenia(P<0.05).3.The TOH test results showed that there were statistical differences in the number of completed items,moving steps,number of wrong steps,and total time(F=4.688~26.603,P=0.000~0.004).Further comparison between the two groups shows that the longer the course of schizophrenia,the fewer the number of completed items,and the patients with more than 5 years of disease are not as good as the other three groups in terms of the number of moving steps,the number of wrong steps,and the total time.The difference was statistically significant(P < 0.05).4.The WDS test results showed that there were statistical differences between the four groups in the scores of the back,back and the total scores(F=8.691~13.600,P=0.000).Further comparison between the two groups showed that the scores of patients with schizophrenia with a course of more than 5 years were significantly lower than those of the other three groups(P<0.05).The longer the course of schizophrenia,the worse the back performance(P< 0.05).The results of the Stroop test showed that the scores of the four groups in the Stroop test were statistically different(F=8.825~11.624,P=0.000).Further comparison between the two groups showed that the correct number of patients with a disease duration of more than 5 years was significantly lower than that of the other three groups,and the number of errors and omissions were higher than those of the other three groups(P<0.05).6.The results of WCST test showed that the difference of the total number of responses in the four groups was statistically significant(F=3.884,P=0.001),and there was no statistical difference in other items.Further comparison between the two groups showed that the total number of patients with schizophrenia with a course of more than 6months was higher than that of the normal control group(P<0.05),and there was no significant difference between the patients with the disease duration of less than 6months.7.Correlation analysis results show that:(1)There is a certain correlation between the auditory response in the CPT test and the WCST test in the schizophrenia patients and the positive symptom scores(r=0.216-0.324,P= 0.035-0.001).There were some correlations between the number of visual and auditory errors in the CPT test and the number of errors and missing numbers in the Stroop test and their negative symptoms(r=-0.253-0.313,P=0.033-0.002).(2)There is a positive correlation between the IPT-15 total score of patients with schizophrenia and the patient's digital metric score,the correct number in the Stroop test,and the number of completed classifications in theWSCT test(r=0.213-0.277,P=0.005-0.038)There was a negative correlation with the number of audiovisual errors in the patient's CPT test,the number of errors in the Stroop test,and the total number of responses in the WSCT test(r=-0.262~-0.228,P=0.01-0.026).Conclusions: 1.There are significant and extensive damages in the social cognitive function,attention,memory,problem-solving ability and executive function of patients with schizophrenia.2.The cognitive function impairment of patients with schizophrenia with a course of more than 5 years is more serious than those between 6 months to 5years. |
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