Stigma Status And Its Influencing Factors Among People Living With Parkinson's Disease

ObjectiveTo investigate the stigma status and its influencing factors among people living with Parkinson's Disease and explore the relationship between psychosocial adaptation,coping style and stigma.The models of psychosocial adaptation,coping style and stigma of patients were constructed by structural equation model,and the mechanism of action path among the three variables was discussed,which provided the basis for medical staff to formulate targeted intervention plans in the future.MethodsA total of 266 Parkinson's Disease patients were investigated using convenience sampling method from September 2018 to June 2019.And they were investigated using self-designed general information questionnaire,24-item Stigma Scale for Chronic Illness(SSCI),Modified Hoehn & Yahr grading scale(H-Y),Psychosocial Adjustment Scale for Parkinson's disease(PAS)and Medical Coping Modes Questionnaire(MCMQ)to explore the levels and influencing factors of stigma.Data was entered into Excel by two people.Data analysis and processing were performed using SPSS24.0statistical software.Statistical methods include descriptive statistical analysis,t tests,univariate analysis of variance,Pearson correlation analysis and regression analysis.Amos24.0 was used to construct models of psychosocial adaptation,coping style and stigma,and to analyze the relationship among the three.Results1.The total score of stigma for patients with Parkinson's Disease was(54.35±11.25).In each dimension,self-stigma was(32.71±7.43)enacted-stigma was(21.64±4.83).2.The score of coping style of confrontation for patients with Parkinson's Disease was(16.28±4.15),that of coping style of avoidance was(17.29±2.22)and that of coping styles of resignation was(11.05 ± 2.86).The mean total score of the psychosocial adaptation was(54.35±11.25),the score of six dimensions,and the scores of six dimensions respectively from high to low were self-efficiency(3.18 ±0.80),self-respect(2.66±0.78),social support(2.62±0.99),anxiety/depression(2.55±1.05),self-attitude towards life(2.50±1.04)and self-acceptance(2.31±0.91).3.Univariate analysis revealed total stigma for patients with Parkinson's Disease was significantly associated with patients' age,occupation,marital status,per capita monthly income and motor subtypes.4.Parkinson's Disease patients' stigma total score and two dimensions were negatively correlated to coping style of confrontation and psychosocial adaptation,and positively correlated with the coping style of avoidance and resignation.5.Multiple regression analysis showed that Parkinson's Disease patients' age,marital status,motor subtypes,coping style of resignation,self-attitude towards life and social support were influencing factors of stigma,which explained 51.0% of the variance.Conclusion1.There was stigma in patients with Parkinson's Disease,with relatively higher score of self-stigma and lower score of enacted stigma.2.The psychosocial adaptability of Parkinson's Disease patients is poor;The main coping style is avoidance and submission,and the face coping style is seldom chosen.3.Health care providers should pay more attention to the influencing factors of stigma in patients with Parkinson's Disease and develop tailored intervention to reduce stigma.Enhancing psychosocial adaptation and taking coping style of confrontation can effectively reduce patients' stigma.