An Experimental Study On The Implicit Attitude Of Nurses To Physicians Based On Social Comparison

BackgroundPhysician-nurse collaboration is an interprofessional collaboration behavior.It is an important guarantee for improving the level of medical care.Social comparison is an inevitable psychological phenomenon,which results affect people's emotional cognition.Implicit attitude is an unconscious evaluation of social objects,which reveals their true thoughts and behavior tendencies.Previous researches in this field have mostly focused on the evaluation attitude of physician-nurse collaboration,and rarely discuss their evaluation of professional roles from the perspective of implicit cognition.Ambiguity of professional roles is an unfavorable factor for physician-nurse collaboration.Whether the problems caused by social comparison between physicians and nurses will affect the implicit evaluation of nurses towards the professional roles of physicians needs to be further explored.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to we explored the impact of social comparison on their implicit attitudes and the changes of electroencephalogram(EEG)signals in resting-state.From the two aspects of behavior and physiology,this study provided a scientific basis for the healthy development of physician-nurse collaboration.Methods1.Using the convenience sampling method,356 nurses who met the inclusion criteria were selected from two general hospitals in Xinxiang city as the research objects.We measured the nurses' implicit attitude towards physicians using the single category implicit association test.2.Based on interviews with nurses and literature review,self-referenced upward and downward social comparison situation materials were prepared.The neutral materials without any comparison used to compare the impact of social comparison.57 nurses who volunteered for this experiment were selected from Study 1.They were randomly assigned to the upward comparison group,the downward comparison group,and the control group.They needed to read social comparison situation materials during the experiment.The social comparison effect of nurses was initiated by reading situation materials.Based on this,the impact of social comparison on implicit attitudes and the changes of nurses' EEG microstates at resting-state were explored.Results1.The reaction time of 356 nurses on compatible tasks was faster than incompatible tasks(t=13.77,P<0.01).The value of D was 0.34(-0.67~1.24).83.99% of nurses with D values was greater than 0.The D value of nurses with junior college was higher than that the nurses with undergraduate and above(P<0.01).The D value of the nurse group was higher than the nurse-in-charge and above(P<0.05).The D value of the nurses of the contract labor group was higher than the formal employee group(P<0.05).2.The results of resting-state EEG microstate analysis showed that:(1)After adjusting the results measured before reading the situational material,there were significant differences in the microstate parameters of the three groups after reading the materials.(1)Under the condition of upward comparison: the duration of class A was significantly higher than control group(P<0.05);the duration,occurrence and time coverage of class B was lower than downward comparison group and control group(P<0.05);the occurrence and time coverage of class C was significantly higher than control group(P<0.001).(2)Under the condition of downward comparison: the occurrence of class B was lower than control group(P<0.05);the occurrence and time coverage was significantly higher than control group(P<0.05).(2)After adjusting the results measured before reading the situational material,there were significant differences in transition probability between the four microstate classes of the three groups after reading the situational materials.(1)Under the condition of upward comparison: the transition probability between class A and B was lower than control group(P<0.05);the transition probability between class A and C was significantly higher than downward comparison and control group(P<0.001);the transition probability between class B and D was lower than downward comparison and control group(P<0.001);the transition probability from class D to C was significantly higher than control group(P<0.05).(2)Under the condition of downward comparison: the transition probability between class A and B was lower than control group(P<0.05);the transition probability between class A and C was significantly higher than control group(P<0.001);the transition probability between class B and D was lower than control group(P<0.001);the transition probability from class D to C was significantly higher than control group(P<0.05).3.The analysis of implicit attitude showed that after adjusting the results measured before reading the situational material,there were no significant differences in response time and the value of D of the three groups after reading the situational materials(P>0.05).Besides,before and after reading materials,nurses always maintain a positive implicit attitude towards physicians.Conclusions1.Nurses generally have a positive and stable implicit attitude towards physicians.Nurses with low education have a more positive attitude towards physicians than nurses with high education.The lower-age nurses have a more positive attitude towards physicians than senior nurses.2.The changes of the resting-state EEG microstate(A,B,C)in upward comparison and downward comparison were similar.But upward comparison caused more significant change.