| Objective:To understand the implicit occupational gender stereotype and professional identity of male nursing students,and explore the correlation between them,so as to provide theoretical basis for promoting the development of male nursing team.Methods:(1)Quantitative research method:1)Psychological test method:Inquist software was used to design the experimental process of Implicit Association Test(IAT).which can be used to explore the present situation of implicit occupational gender stereotype in male nursing students.Two independent sample t tests and paired t tests were used to analyze.2)Questionnaire survey method:The nursing professional identity questionnaire was used to investigate the professional identity of male nursing students in Kunming Medical University.Self-rating Anxiety Scale(SAS)and self-rating Depression Scale(SDS)were used to evaluate the anxiety and depression levels of male nursing students,respectively.Pearson linear correlation was used to explore the relationship between implicit occupational gender stereotypes and professional identity as well as multiple dimensions and factors.(2)Semi-structured interview method:semi-structured in-depth interview was conducted with male nursing students,and Colaizzi's data analysis method was used to extract the subject of the interview content,so as to understand male nursing students in nursing's gender stereotype and professional identity of nursing.Results:(1)Implicit Association Test(IAT)results:The mean response time of both compatible and incompatible tasks was(1025.90±279.19)ms and(1666.38±679.32)ms,respectively.The stereotype intensity was greater than 600ms,and the difference was statistically significant(t=-13.74,p?0.000).The effect value D was(0.849±0.398),which was significantly greater than 0(t=26.37,p=0.000).(2)The professional identity score of male nursing students was 86.29±8.58,which was in the medium level.(3)The implicit occupational gender stereotype of male nursing students is inversely proportional to professional identity(r=-0.704,p=0.000).And implicit gender stereotypes and professional identity is inversely proportional to the questionnaire in six dimensions,respectively for the professional knowledge(r=0.593,p=0.593),professional emotion(r=0.599,p=0.599),professional will(r=0.488,p=0.488),professional values(r=0.315,p=0.315),professional skills(r=0.474,p=0.474),professional expectations(r=0.275,p=0.275).(4)Male nursing students scored(30.5415.617)for anxiety and(34.27±6.578)for depression.Pearson linear correlation analysis was conducted between implicit occupational gender stereotypes and SAS and SDS questionnaire scores,and the results showed that SAS(r=0.206,p=0.011)and SDS(r=0.240,p=0.003)were positively correlated.(5)Comparison results of implicit occupational gender stereotypes of male nursing students in different categories:different ethnic groups(t=1.006,p=0.316),different places of origin(t=0.053,p?0.958),class committee(t=0.195,p=0.845),and junior college and undergraduate degrees(t=-0.293,p=0.770).(6)Among the 5 disorder variables,145(94.77%)male students considered nursing as a major,and 8(5.23%)did not.The first factors to be considered when choosing nursing major were as follows:employment situation 92(60.13%)people,economic income 34(22.22%)people,working conditions 14(9.15%)people,competitive pressure 8(5.23%)people,social status 5(3.27%)people.The factors influencing the learning motivation were as follows:57(37.25%)people with economic income,40(26.14%)people with employment situation,24(15.69%)people with working conditions,17(11.11%)people with social status,and 15(9.80%)people with competitive pressure.The following persons who have the greatest influence on the professional thought of male nursing students were:53(34.64%)teachers,53(34.64%)nurses,23(15.03%)others,12(7.84%)winners of Nightingale and Nightingale.After work,53(34.64%)male nursing students hope to become nursing managers,47(30.72%)nurses,30(19.61%)experts,13(8.50%)nurses and 10(6.54%)nursing teachers.(7)The results of the semi-structured interview show that the public has a prejudice and a negative attitude towards the nursing work of men.Male nursing students all believe that this is because of the influence of traditional social concepts.Male nursing students believe that nursing work lacks independence and tends to show humanistic care.Although they can recognize their advantages as male nurses,they feel that their development is limited,and they are easily influenced by family members,teachers and clinical nurses.Conclusions:(1)Traditional social concepts are the main cause of prejudice against men in nursing,and these attitudes are mostly negative.(2)Implicit occupational gender stereotypes are common among male nursing students.(3)The professional identity of male nursing students is at medium level.But it was slightly higher than that of male nursing majors in other similar previous studies.(4)Implicit occupational gender stereotypes of male nursing students is inversely proportional to professional identity.The deeper the Implicit occupational gender stereotypes is,the lower the professional identity is.(5)The implicit occupational gender stereotype of male nursing students is negatively correlated with professional knowledge,professional emotion,professional will,professional values,professional skills and professional expectations.(6)Male nursing students' implicit occupational gender stereotype is proportional to the degree of anxiety and depression,that is,the deeper the implicit occupational gender stereotype is,the more severe the anxiety and depression will be.(7)The implicit occupational gender stereotype of male nursing students has nothing to do with nationality,origin,class committee and educational level.(8)According to the existing problems,from the government,schools,social three angles to give effective interventions,to weaken implicit occupational gender stereotypes,and improve the male nursing students' professional identity,eventually to reduce their turn rate and turnover rate,to consolidate the development of nursing team. |
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