| OBJECTIVE:Through the screening test,the upper arm cloud-transmittable electronic sphygmomanometer and the mercury sphygmomanometer measurement results were compared to understand the authenticity,consistency,and subjective evaluation of the electronic sphygmomanometer measurement results,and to discuss the application value of the cloud-transmittable electronic sphygmomanometer.It provides a basis for hospitals to diagnose and treat and select electronic voltmeters for daily households.It also lays the foundation for large-scale follow-up and monitoring of patients with hypertension for major topics such as the application and promotion of health service management system based on Internet cloud technology and medical big data.METHODS:In the School of Public Health of Hainan Medical College and the Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University,the normal population and hypertensive population were randomly selected as the study subjects.Eight blood pressure monitors and mercury sphygmomanometers were used to measure blood pressure.The subjects were alternately measured for blood pressure on the same day(3 days)within the prescribed time period.The blood pressure measurement values were averaged,and the authenticity and consistency were analyzed by the detection rate,chi-square test,sensitivity,specificity,Youden index,paired t-test,error analysis,standard deviation,ICC,and Bland-AlTman.After the measurement was completed,a questionnaire survey was conducted to collect the research subjects' experience and suggestions for using the electronic blood pressure monitor.RESULT:1.Conformity assessment of normal population(1)9 kinds of sphygmomanometer Bland-AlTman diagram: the mean systolic blood pressure is higher than zero,the distribution is more concentrated;diastolic blood pressure difference values are less than zero,the distribution is more decentralized.(2)Compared with the mercury sphygmomanometer,the results of ICC analysis showed that the systolic blood pressures of the eight electronic sphygmomanometers ranged from 0.897 to 0.913 and the diastolic blood pressures ranged from 0.810 to0.864.2.Authenticity evaluation of normal population(1)Analysis results of ANSI/AAMI error standard show that the mean values of the systolic blood pressure differences of the 8 kinds of electronic blood pressure monitors are all less than 5 mmHg,and the standard deviation of the differences is less than 8;the diastolic blood pressure difference between the 1,4 and 6 electronic blood pressure monitors Mean values were all greater than 5 mmHg,and the other 5electronic sphygmomanometers were all less than 5 mmHg.The standard deviation of the differences was less than 8.(2)The standard deviations of the 9 sphygmomanometer measurements showed that the standard deviation of mercury sphygmomanometer was 9.5,and the standard deviation of electronic sphygmomanometer was between 9.50 and 12.17.For diastolic blood pressure,the standard deviation of mercury sphygmomanometer was6.65.The standard deviation of the electronic sphygmomanometer is between6.41-7.16.(3)The results of paired t-tests for 8 types of electronic sphygmomanometers and mercury sphygmomanometers showed that there were statistically significant differences between sphygmomanometers,2,4,5,6,and 7 electronicsphygmomanometers and mercury sphygmomanometers(<0.05).);1,3,8 electronic sphygmomanometer and mercury sphygmomanometer had no statistical difference(>0.05).In terms of diastolic blood pressure,there was a statistically significant difference between the eight electronic sphygmomanometers and mercury sphygmomanometers(<0.05).(4)The mercury detection rate was the gold standard for mercury sphygmomanometers,and there was a statistically significant difference in the detection of hypotension(1,2,4,5,and 6)between electronic sphygmomanometers and mercury sphygmomanometers(<0.001);3 No significant differences were found between electronic sphygmomanometers No.7 and No.8(>0.05).(5)Measured by mercury sphygmomanometer as gold standard,the sensitivity of 8electronic sphygmomanometers for detection of normal blood pressure is between41.667-69.444,specificity is between 52.500-85.625,Youden index is between0.217-0.328 between.3.Normal Population Questionnaire Results: The results of the 196 small-scale questionnaire survey suggest that:(1)62.76% of the subjects believe that monitoring blood pressure is beneficial to the prevention of hypertension.(2)The home ownership rate of the electronic sphygmomanometer is less than half.(3)88.78% of the participants affirmed the convenience of the electronic blood pressure monitor.(4)For the requirements of the electronic sphygmomanometer,accuracy> convenience of use> price,respectively occupy the top three.(5)The price of the electronic sphygmomanometer accepted by 93.88% of the subjects was below 400 yuan.(6)Research object The main requirements for the function of the electronic blood pressure monitor are: display screen,display text,multi-user recording function,multi-user recording function,accounting for more than 90%.(7)The percentage of respondents who agreed with the upload of blood pressure measurement data to their children's equipment and hospitals was 92.84% and 80.10%,respectively,but only68.88% of them had a positive attitude towards uploading to APP.4,the evaluation of the consistency of hypertensive population Compared with the mercury sphygmomanometer,the ICC analysis showed that thesystolic blood pressure values of the 8 kinds of electronic sphygmomanometer were between 0.831-0.975 and the diastolic blood pressure r value was between0.724-0.889.In the evening,the systolic blood pressure values of the eight electronic sphygmomanometers ranged from 0.846 to 0.933,and the diastolic blood pressure r values ranged from 0.732 to 0.928.5,authenticity evaluation of hypertensive people(1)The results of the standard deviations of the 9 sphygmomanometer measurements showed that in the morning systolic blood pressure,the standard deviation of the mercury sphygmomanometer was 12.101,and the standard deviation of the electronic sphygmomanometer was between 11.356-13.899.In respect of diastolic blood pressure,the standard deviation of the mercury sphygmomanometer was 7.896,and the standard deviation of the electronic sphygmomanometer was between 7.916 and9.571.In the evening systolic blood pressure,the standard deviation of the mercury sphygmomanometer was 12.286,and the standard deviation of the electronic sphygmomanometer was between 11.207-13.477.For diastolic blood pressure,the standard deviation of the mercury sphygmomanometer was 7.717,and the standard deviation of the electronic sphygmomanometer was between 7.108 and 8.316.(2)The results of paired t-tests on the 8 sphygmomanometers and mercury sphygmomanometers showed that there was a statistically significant difference(P<0.05)in the systolic blood pressure between the 4th sphygmomanometer and the mercury sphygmomanometer;(>0.05).In terms of diastolic blood pressure,there was a statistically significant difference between the sphygmomanometers 5 and 7 and the mercury sphygmomanometer(<0.05);there was no statistical difference(>0.05)in the rest.In terms of systolic blood pressure at night,there was a statistically significant difference(P<0.05)between the No.4 electronic sphygmomanometer and the mercury sphygmomanometer;there was no statistically significant difference(>0.05).In terms of diastolic blood pressure,there was a statistically significant difference between the sphygmomanometers 5,7 and 8 and the mercury sphygmomanometer(<0.05);there was no statistical difference(>0.05)in the rest.Conclusion:In general,the indicators of No.8 sphygmomanometer are ideal and can be recommended for routine household and hypertension monitoring. |
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