Prevalence Of Obesity Among Children And Adolescents And The Growth Curve

Objective:The body composition and hormone levels of adolescents have undergone major changes,and they are at a critical period of abnormal weight gain.The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of overweight/obesity in children and adolescents in Binhai New Area,Tianjin,China,and to explore the relationship between age,sexual maturity,eating behavior,physical activity and sleep time and overweight/obesity.And the standardized growth curve of the height and weight of children and adolescents in Binhai New Area,Tianjin is formulated and compared with the standardized growth curve of children and adolescents in 2005.Methods:A cross-sectional survey of representative multi-stage random cluster sampling of 5799 children and adolescents aged 7 to 16 years in Tianjin Binhai New Area.Self-reported questionnaires were used to measure the sociodemographic,dietary behavior,physical activity,and sedentary lifestyle of the subjects;anthropometric indicators such as height and weight of the subjects were measured using standard measuring instruments.Body mass index?BMI?is calculated based on height and weight.According to the age and gender-specific BMI cut-off values defined by the China Obesity Working Group?WGOC?,the subjects were divided into three groups:normal weight,overweight and obesity.One-way analysis of variance was used to compare the prevalence of overweight/obesity between BMI groups,and multiple logistic regression analysis was used to generate prediction equations.A non-linear relationship between age and body weight is described using a restrictive cubic spline.The P₃,P₁₅,P₅₀,P₈₅,and P₉₇ percentile curves of height,weight,and BMI were plotted using the LMS method.Results:1.Of the 5799 people,44.01%were normal weight,30.85%were overweight,and 25.14%were obese.2.Univariate analysis showed that there was a significant difference in overweight/obesity between different age groups?P<0.01?,with the highest obesity rate and the lowest overweight rate in the 7-9 age group,and the lowest obesity rate and the highest overweight rate in the 13-16 age group.3.The restrictive cubic spline model shows that both male and female,the prevalence of overweight increased with age,and the prevalence of obesity decreased with age.4.Multivariate ordered logistic regression showed that“sexual maturity”,gender,“parental obesity”,“father's chronic disease”,“whether like to eat meat”,“meal duration”,“physical activity duration”,“sleep duration”and“frequency of eating night snack”were significantly associated with obesity?P<0.05?.5.According to the percentile growth curve,the height and weight of boys and girls are higher than the2005 standard in all percentages,and the gap increases with the percentile,especially the P₉₇ percentile,which indicates an increase in the proportion of children and adolescents with high body weight.6.Height,weight and BMI are increasing in all percentages of male,female and adolescents.For weight,after 12 years of age,the weight gain of boys and girls adolescents slows down.For height,boys and girls adolescents grew faster before the age of 12,and after 12 years of age,the rate of increase slowed,and girls remained almost unchanged after the age of 15.For BMI,the BMI of all percentages of adolescents continues to rise,and the increase of girls after 12 years of age is faster.Conclusion:1.School-age children and adolescents in Binhai New Area,Tianjin,especially younger students,have a high prevalence of obesity.2.Age is an important factor in the obesity of children and adolescents.The prevalence of obesity among children and adolescents is higher in the high age group,and pre-mature children and adolescents have a higher prevalence of obesity.3.The 7-16 year old children and adolescents in Binhai New Area,Tianjin have increased their body weight and height in the past ten years,but their weight level has increased faster,the BMI value is very high,and the proportion of children and adolescents at higher body weight has increased.Prevention of childhood and adolescent obesity is an urgent task.