Characterization Of Polysaccharide And Flavonoids Fractions From Fruit Of Actinidia Arguta And Assessment Of Their Uric Acid-lowering Activities

The number of patients with hyperuricemia in China has reached 170 million in 2017.Today,hyperuricemia has become the second largest metabolic disease in China after diabetes.Due to the lack of uric acid gene in the human body,the insoluble uric acid produced by metabolism is directly excreted.If the rate of uric acid production in the body is equivalent to the rate of discharge,the blood uric acid value is normal.Hyperuricemia?HUA?is the persistence of blood uric acid level in the body.A pathological conditio n of elevated or hyperuricemia of blood uric acid.Actinidia argute Sieb.et Zucc is also known as soft dates,macaque pears,vines and cane dates.It is a genus of Actinidia arguta,perennial deciduous vine.It contains a variety of nutrients and is considered an excellent source of vita min C,vita min B8?inositol?,lutein,beta-carotene,chlorophyll,enzyme Actinidia arguta and antioxidants,as well as dietary fiber.This experiment uses eight varieties of of Actinidia arguta as raw materials to extract,separate,purify and structure the polysaccharide flavonoids,and to study its function of reducing uric acid,to make up for the uric acid-lowering activity of flavonoids in Actinidia arguta.The blank of the study lays a theoretical foundation for the future utilization of Actinidia arguta resources.Research results are as follows::?1?wild Actinidia arguta has different traits due to different origins and strains.The fruit shape is mainly round and slightly long,and some are long round and spherical.The single fruit weight ranged from 4.18 to 20.95g,the vita min C content was as high as 428.41 mg/100 g,the titratable acid content was 0.09?0.31%,the soluble solid content was 10.7?18.97%,and the reducing sugar content was 2.94?11.93%.These eight varieties of of Actinidia arguta contain steroids,phenols,tannins,volatile oils,flavonoids and their glycosides,polysaccharides and glycosides,all of which do not contain saponins.?2?The polysaccharide content of 8 varieties of of Actinidia arguta was 0.14?0.41 mg/m L.By infrared spectroscopy analysis,we speculated that the 8 varieties of of polysaccharides all contain-NH₂,-OH or-NH-groups.Lines 1,4,5,6 and 8 are neutral polysaccharides,which are mainly?-type glycosidic bonds;line 2 is a homogeneous polysaccharide;lines 3 and 7 are acidic polysaccharides,which are mainly?-type glycosidic bonds;A characteristic absorption peak near 1022 cm^-1 indicates that the monosaccharide of the polysaccharide is mainly glucose.The results of peak shape analysis of Actinidia arguta showed that the peak shapes of lines 1,3,4,5 and 6 were convex peaks,and the peak shapes of lines 2,7 and 8 were stepped peaks.Some characteristics of the polysaccharide structure can be inferred based on the position and shape of each characteristic peak in the infrared spectrum of the polysaccharide.The functions of lines 1,3,4,5,and 6 are similar,and may have the effects of lowering blood sugar and lowering blood ester,anti-myocardial,immune regulation,treating insomnia,treating constipation,treating diabetes,and treating chronic hepatitis.Lines 2,7,and 8 presumably have the effects of lowering blood cholesterol,losing weight,inhibiting bacteria,and treating gout.?3?The flavonoid content of 8 jujube Actinidia arguta was 0.07?0.20 mg/m L.For the extraction and separation of flavonoids from Actinidia arguta,we found that the elution rate of50%ethanol was 68.8%,the elution rate of 60%ethanol was 51.2%,and the elution rate of70%ethanol was 48.2%.From the comparison chart and the test data,it can be seen that the eight strains eluted with 50%ethanol have more flavonoid peaks and higher elution rate.Using electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and other tests,it was preli minarily deter mined that flavonoid No.1 contained rutin,chrysin,3,5,7-trimethoxy brass;flavonoid No.2 contained rutin,chrysin,4,5,7-Trihydroxy-6-methoxyflavone;No.3 flavonoid contains rutin,chrysin,?-aromatic alcohol acetate;No.4 flavonoid contains rutin,chrysin,soy isoflavone;Rutin,chrysin,catechin tetramethyl ether;No.6 flavonoids contain rutin,chrysin,hyperoside octaacetate,6,7-dimethoxyisoflavone;No.7 flavonoids contain rutin,chrysin,puerarin hexaacetate,peas and ketone;No.8 flavonoids contain rutin,chrysin,proscinidine octamethyl ether.?4?Through the results of the previous study,the representative squid Actinidia arguta of the 4th,5th,and 7th lines was selected for the uric acid-lowering activity test.The results showed that the combination of polysaccharide,flavonoid and polysaccharide in Actinidia arguta could decrease the content of serum UA,BUN,Cr and GAPDH in mice,and increase the content of liver glycogen in mice,which might be due to the polysaccharide and flavonoids of Actinidia arguta.It inhibits the glycolysis process,promotes gluconeogenesis,lowers free blood sugar in the blood and raises liver glycogen to normal levels,and promotes the remedial synthesis pathway of nucleotides to reduce serum uric acid content.?5?The polysaccharides,flavonoids and polysaccharides of the Actinidia arguta could restore the atrophy of the liver and spleen immune organs to some extent,but the 4,5 and 7strains did not change significantly.It is speculated that the organ lesion is a slow process,and it is not enough for an irreversible immune organ atrophy such as liver and spleen in a short period of 23 days during the modeling of the test.