The Research On Poverty Reduction Effect And Path Of New Rural Cooperative Medical Insurance

According to the report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China,by 2020,China must build a well-off society in an all-round way to ensure that the rural poor under the current standards will be lifted out of poverty,and all the poverty-stricken counties will be capped to solve the regional overall poverty.The fight against poverty has entered the most critical stage,and the hardest part of it is undoubtedly in the countryside.According to the latest published Statistical Communiqué on National Economic and Social Development in 2017,there are still30.46 million poor people in rural areas of China,of which more than 40% are due to illness.It can be seen that poverty is the biggest “short board” for building a well-off society in an all-round way,and disease is the most important factor leading to poverty.Due to the uneven distribution of medical and health resources in urban and rural areas,the utilization rate of medical services for rural residents is low,and the health of the rural residents is not guaranteed,which directly affects the supply of labor and reduces the income of rural residents,even falling into the vicious circle of "the poorer the more sick,the more sick the more poor".In order to solve the problem of rural residents becoming poor due to illness and returning to poverty due to illness,China’s rural areas began to implement the new rural cooperative medical insurance system(referred to as the new rural cooperative medical system)in 2003,which has now basically covered all farmers,and the participation rate has been continuously improved.And the number of beneficiaries of compensation has gradually increased.Under the background of health and poverty alleviation,the implementation of the new rural cooperative medical system can reduce the probability of rural poverty,ease the problem of farmers’ “difficulty in seeing a doctor,and seeing a doctor”,so as to achieve the predetermined policy objectives,which is of great significance to win the battle against poverty and to build a well-off society in an all-round way.Guided by the above problems,this paper based on the CFPS 2016cross-sectional survey data,using the propensity score matching method,the sequencing logit model and the two-stage model to further explore the new rural cooperative medical system in improving the health status of the participants,improving the utilization rate of medical services and reducing medical expenses.The role of expenditure,that is,whether the new rural cooperative medical system has alleviated rural poverty through significant health effects and compensation effects.The conclusions are as follows:(1)Compared with the non-participating population,the probability of poverty in the participating population is reduced,and the implementation of the new rural cooperatives has alleviated the problem of poverty among rural residents to a certain extent;(2)The new rural cooperative medical system has significantly improved the health status of the farmers.The empirical results show that the new rural cooperative medical system has reduced the proportion of rural residents’ poor self-evaluation by 1.8%,and the probability of physical discomfort within two weeks has been greatly reduced by 34%.Therefore,it is necessary to continue to expand the coverage of the new rural cooperative medical system in order that more farmers enjoy the protection of the new rural cooperative medical system;(3)The new rural cooperative medical system is affecting the medical expenses of rural residents,and the medical expenses of participating farmers are not falling,indicating that the compensation effect of the new rural cooperative medical system still has much room for improvement.It is necessary to conduct an in-depth review and improvement from the aspects of compensation mode and implementation process.