Depression Status And Group Mindfulness Intervention Study Of Pregnant Women

BACKGROUNDWith the implementation of the "two-child" policy in China,the number of maternal women has shown a rapid growth trend,and its mental health has become a research hotspot.Pregnancy refers to the period between the start of fertilization of a female egg and the exclusion of the fetus and its appendages from the mother.Previous studies have shown that pregnancy depression is a common psychological disorder in women at this stage.The global incidence of gestational depression is between 4.8%and 58%,and the incidence of gestational depression in China is between 5.5%and 57%.Depression during pregnancy may lead to fetal growth retardation,premature birth,abnormal growth and development in childhood,and high correlation with postpartum depression,which may lead to serious consequences such as self-injury suicide.In the context of "healthy China",it is important and urgent to focus on women in pregnancy as a special focus group to carry out depression-related research.In this study,quantitative and qualitative research methods were used to explore the status and influencing factors of depression in pregnant women,and group mindfulness intervention study was carried out to provide scientific basis for early detection and intervention of depression in pregnant women,which has important theoretical significance and popularization value.OBJECTIVE1.To understand the depressive mood of pregnant women and analyze its risk factors and protective factors through questionnaire survey.2.Through qualitative interviews,this paper explores the experience,source and occurrence characteristics of depression in pregnant women.3.Designing group mindfulness clinical intervention program for pregnant women to verify its effect on improving depression and anxiety during pregnancy.METHODSThis study is divided into three parts:Part ? Quantitative investigation and analysis of depression in pregnant womenBy using the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale,Social Support Rating Scale,Coping Style Questionnaire and Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-Revised,short Scale for Chinese,1219 pregnant women in 6 tertiary first-class hospitals in 6 cities of Guangdong Province were investigated by multi-stage stratified convenient sampling from March 2018 to February 2019.In order to understand the incidence of depression and its influencing factors in pregnant women.Part ? Qualitative study and analysis of depression in pregnant womenUsing semi-structured interview method,12 pregnant women in the third trimester of pregnancy were interviewed from November to December,2O18 through objective sampling.Genus analysis was used to collate the data in order to further understand the experience,source and occurrence characteristics of depression in pregnant women,and to supplement the results of quantitative research.Part ? Study on Group Mindfulness Intervention in Pregnant WomenDesign and revise the clinical intervention program of group mindfulness for pregnant women,recruit subjects in two different filing areas of obstetric clinic at the same time,and ultimately complete two rounds of recruitment of subjects.A total of 16 pregnant women received a complete four-week mindfulness intervention,and 19 pregnant women in the control group completed the measurements before and after the same period.The EPDS,FFMQ,SAS and PPS scores of pregnant women in the two groups were evaluated.STATISTICS AND ANALYSIS1.Quantitative research data:Epidate 3.0 software was used for double entry and SPSS25.0 was used for statistical analysis.The counting data were expressed by frequency and percentage,and the measurement data were expressed by mean and standard deviation.The general data of each group were tested by Chi square test,t test and Kruskal-Wallis H test,and the incidence of depression among pregnant women with different characteristics was analyzed.Binary logistic regression analysis was used to explore the influencing factors of pregnancy depression.2.Qualitative research data:After the interview,transcribe the manuscript in time.Colaizzi's seven-step analysis method is used to read the original materials carefully,extract and sort out information,focus on the problem,summarize the concept of the subject,compare the similarities and differences of phenomena in different or the same data,summarize the recurrmng phenomena,and explain the reasons for this phenomenon.Return the results to the respondents to verily the authenticity of the content.3.Intervention data:SPSS25.0 was used for data entry and statistical analysis.Two independent samples t-test and paired t-test were used to test the scores between groups and within groups respectively,and the effect of intervention was analyzed.RESULTS1.The prevalence of depression in pregnant women was 31.4%.Low family monthly income(OR = 1.290,95%CI:1.058-1.574),high scores of negative coping styles(OR = 2.209,95%CI:1.602-3.046)and high scores of neuroticism dimensions(OR = 1.177,95%CI:1.133-1.222)are rnsk factors for depression in pregnant women.Pregnant women had high educational level(OR = 0.757,95%CI:0.616-0.930),high scores of objective support dimension(OR = 0.958,95%Cl:0.926-0.992),subjective support dimension(OR = 0.953,95%CI:0.917-0.989),support utilization(OR =0.910,95%CI:0.838-0.989),and high scores of positive coping style(OR = 0.360,95%CI:0.279-0.507),high scores of extroversion dimension(OR = 0.908,95%CI:0.862-0.957)is a protective factor for depression in pregnant women.Hosmer-Lemeshow test results showed that the value was 9.739(P=0.284>0.05),and the fitness of the overall regression model was good.2.Pregnant women's depression mainly occurs in the early pregnancy,which is characterized by easy crying and sadness;its depression can occur without any reason,but also due to individual reasons,family conflicts,economic reasons,work reasons,etc.After suffering from depression,the main coping styles adopted include positive coping and negative coping;almost all the respondents.They all expressed that they had received good social support from partners,family members,colleagues and friends when they suffered from depression.3.The results of repeated measurements ANOVA showed that the interaction effect of group and time in SAS,"observation","inaction"in FFMQ,and PPS were significant(P<0.05).Further individual effect analysis was available.In the comparison of time alone effects,after intervention,the scores of EPDS,SAS and PPS factor 2 in the intervention group were lower than those before the intervention(P<0.05),and the total score of FFMQ and its dimensions were higher than those before intervention(P<0.05).The FFMQ "description" dimension scores of the control group were higher than those before intervention(P<0.05).In the comparison of the individual effects of the groups,the total score of SAS in the intervention group was significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.05),the total score of FFMQ and its“observation","description" and "inaction" dimensions were significantly higher than those of the control group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION1.The detection rate of depression in pregnant women in this study was 31.4%.2.Depressive mood of pregnant women is influenced by demographic characteristics(family monthly income,educational level of pregnant women),social support,coping style(positive and negative),personality(introversion and extroversion,neuroticism).The results of qualitative research supplement the time regularity of depression during pregnancy,suggesting that good coping style and social support of individuals are helpful for them to spend their pregnancy and childbirth smoothly.3.Mindfulness training is helpful to alleviate depression,anxiety and stress in pregnant women and to improve the level of mindfulness.