Study On Status Of Prenatal Anxiety And Its Influencing Factors

Objective:This study investigated the prenatal anxiety status of pregnant women,analyzed its possible influencing factors from demographic factors,social factors,psychological factors,behavioral factors and maternal factors,and explored the effect of prenatal anxiety on the delivery mode.It was helpful for medical staff to carry out holistic and scientific nursing for anxious pregnant women in clinic and strengthen targeted psychological intervention and counseling.At the same time,it also provided an important theoretical basis for carrying out mental health care work and prenatal education curriculum.Methods:This study selected pregnant women who were waiting for fetal heart monitoring in the waiting room in a first-class hospital in Changchun,Jilin province from May to September 2017 as susbjects.In this study,general information questionnaire,Pregnancy-specific Anxiety Questionnaire,Perceived Social Support Scale,Perceived Stress Scale,Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale were used to do questionnaire survey.After pregnant women giving birth,we consulted the electronic medical records to obtain the maternal delivery outcome data.IBM SPSS Statistics 24.0 was applied to perform all the statistical description and analysis.T-test was conducted to compare the measurement data among groups,and Chi-square test and Fisher's exact probability method were used to compare the categorical data among groups.Logistic regression model and BP neural network model were used to analyze and compare the main influencing factors of prenatal anxiety.Test level was ?=0.05,P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results:1.The scores of 838 pregnant women ranged from 13 to 44,with an average score of21.16±5.11;Among them,249 participants were in the prenatal anxiety group,accounting for 29.7%.The anxiety scores ranged from 24 to 44,with an average core of 27.23±3.95.There were 589 subjects in the non-anxiety group,accounting for 70.3%.The anxiety scores ranged from 13 to 23,with an average score of18.60±2.89.2.Binary logistic regression results showed that age was a risk factor for prenatal anxiety(OR=1.076,95%CI: 1.000~1.159);the risk of prenatal anxiety in unplanned pregnany women was 2.061 times than that in planned pregnany women(OR=2.061,95% CI: 1.172~3.625);high pressure was a risk factor for prenatal anxiety(OR=1.153,95% CI: 1.080~1.230);poor sleep quality was a risk factor for prenatal anxiety(OR=1.129,95% CI: 1.036~1.23);the risk of prenatal anxiety in non-only children was 0.310 times than that in the only child(OR=0.310,95% CI: 0.172~0.558);the risk of prenatal anxiety in family monthly income of3001-6000 yuan was 0.242 times than that in family monthly income of 3000 yuan and below(OR=0.242,95% CI: 0.082~0.713),and the risk of prenatal anxiety in family monthly income of 6001-9000 yuan was 0.280 times than that in family monthly income of 3000 yuan and below(OR=0.280,95% CI: 0.092~0.847);the risk of prenatal anxiety in multipara was 0.337 times than that in primipara(OR=0.337,95% CI:0.158~0.720);high social support was the protective factor for prenatal anxiety(OR=0.968,95% CI:0.940~0.997).The results of BP neural network showed that the factors affecting prenatal anxiety were social support,age,pressure,conjugal relationship,family monthly income,education level,gestational diabetes mellitus,sleep quality,relationship between mother-in-law and daughter-in-law,pregnancy plan,passive smoking,severe pregnancy vomiting,dietary status,depression,habitual residence,pregnancy education,smoking,childbirth experience,the only child or not,number of abortion,reducing the use of electronic product,working status and pre-pregnancy physical examination according to the importance.Based on the above two models,we concluded that the main influencing factors of prenatal anxiety were age,the only child or not,family monthly income,conjugal relationship,childbirth experience,pregnancy plan,pressure,social support and sleep quality.3.There were significant differences in the distribution of delivery mode between renatal anxiety and non-anxiety pregnant women(c2=25.512,P<0.001).Conclusion:1.The detection rate of prenatal anxiety in this study was 29.7%,which was basically consistent with other studies in China.2.Young age,the only child,low family monthly income,poor conjugal relationship,no childbirth experience,unplanned pregnancy,high pressue,low social support and poor sleep quality may be risk factors for prenatal anxiety among pregnant women.3.Prenatal anxiety had an impact on the choice of delivery mode for pregnant women.The higher the level of prenatal anxiety,the greater the possibility that the pregnant women choosed cesarean section without medical indication to give birth.