The Effect Of Different Intensity Exercise On ?-SMA And VEGF During The Establishment Of Type 2 Diabetes Rat Model

Objective:To establish a T2 DM rat model by high-fat and high-fat diet combined with injection of STZ,and to apply different intensity exercise interventions during the establishment of the model to investigate the myocardial morphology and myocardial ?-during the T2 DM modeling process in rats with different intensity exercise intervention.The effects of SMA,serum VEGF,and myocardial miR-133 a.Methods:Fifty 6-week-old SPF healthy male SD rats were randomly divided into 5 groups,10 in each group: NC group(healthy control group),DM group(diabetes model),LE group(small intensity group)),ME group(medium intensity exercise group),HE group(high intensity exercise group).The NC group was fed with normal diet,free diet and drinking water,and the DM,LE,ME,and HE groups were fed with high-sugar and high-fat diets,and they were given free drinking water.The NC and DM groups were freely active in the cage.The LE,ME,and HE groups were given high-sugar and high-fat diets for 8 weeks of low-intensity,moderate-intensity,and high-intensity exercise intervention.Exercise intervention for 8 weeks,overnight fasting can not help but water for 12 h,NC group one-time intraperitoneal injection of citrate buffer,DM,LE,ME,HE group one-time intraperitoneal injection of 2% STZ solution,injection STZ 7th day,weighing Random blood sugar,overnight fasting can not help but water 10-12 h,fasting blood glucose,serum VEGF,open the chest to take the heart weighing and cut the rat heart,fixed the ventricle,paraffin embedding,HE staining,measuring the left ventricle Wall thickness,immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of ?-SMA in myocardial tissue.The left ventricular anterior wall myocardial tissue was taken and the expression of miR-133 a was detected by qRT-PCR.Result:1.The rats in the NC group had good mental state and sensitive response,and the fur was smooth and supple with color;the rats in the DM group were apathetic,unresponsive,and the skin was yellow and filthy;the rats in the LE group had poor mental state,the reaction was normal,and the fur was dry yellow;The rats in the ME group had good mental state,good response and poor luster;The rats in the HE group had poor mentality,general reaction and rough fur.2.There was no significant difference in fasting blood glucose between the groups in the initial grouping of each group.After the 7th day of injection of stz,the fasting blood glucose of dm,le,me and he groups increased significantly compared with the initial blood glucose.(p<0.05),and there was no significant change in fasting blood glucose in nc group;after 7days after injection of stz,fasting blood glucose was significantly increased in dm,le,me,and he groups compared with nc group(p<0.05).The fasting blood glucose of the me and he groups was significantly lower than that of the dm and le groups(p<0.05).There was no significant difference in fasting blood glucose between the me and he groups.3.Myocardial histopathological structure3.1 Cardiac weight index: Compared with the NC group,the heart weight index of the DM and HE groups were significantly increased(p<0.05),while the LE and ME groups were not significantly different(p>0.05);compared with the DM group,There were no significant changes in the LE,ME,and HE groups(p>0.05).Compared with the LE group,the heart weight index of the he group was significantly increased(p<0.05);there was no significant difference between the ME and HE groups(p >0.05).3.2 Myocardial HE staining: The nucleus cells in the NC group are neatly arranged,the structure is clear,the nucleus is uniform in size,and the shape is elliptical.It is generally located in the center of the cell,the nuclear membrane is intact,and the cytoplasm is evenly stained;the myocardial cells in the DM group are loosely arranged and disordered,and myocardial rupture is observed.The nucleus of the cell is obviously enlarged,the nucleus is irregular,the nucleus disappears,and the chromatin is condensed and tended.Cytoplasmic disintegration,myocardial cell transverse stripes dissolved,visible vacuolar degeneration,fat vacuoles;LE group of myocardial cells arranged slightly disordered,chromatin turbid,a small amount of fat vacuoles;ME groups of most cardiomyocytes arranged neatly,no obvious the vacuolar degeneration and cytoplasmic staining were more uniform;the myocardial cells in the HE group were arranged neatly,and chromatin condensation was observed,no vacuolar degeneration was observed,and cytoplasmic staining was more uniform.3.3 Left ventricular wall thickness: Compared with the NC group,the DM,LE,ME,and HE groups all had significant increases(p<0.05);compared with the DM group,the LE,ME,and HE groups showed significant decrease(p<0.05),and there was no significant difference between the groups of LE,ME and HE(p>0.05).4.In the myocardial tissue of NC group,the expression of ?-SMA protein immunohistochemical staining was less,and the light brown staining positive particles were evenly distributed and sparse.In the DM group,the immunohistochemical staining of ?-SMA protein was more positive.More expression,light brown staining positive particles distributed densely;LE,ME,HE group myocardial tissue,?-SMA protein immunohistochemical staining positive expression less,light brown staining positive particles than the DM group was significantly sparse.The results of cumulative optical density values of each group showedthat compared with NC group,the expression levels of ?-SMA in DM,LE,ME and HE groups were significantly increased(P<0.05);compared with DM group,LE,The expression levels of ?-SMA in ME and HE group were significantly decreased(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference in the expression of ?-SMA between LE,ME and HE groups(P>0.05).5.Compared with the NC group,the serum VEGF of the me and he groups was significantly decreased(p<0.05),and the serum VEGF of the DM and LE groups was not significantly different from the NC group(p>0.05)..Compared with the DM group,the serum VEGF of the ME group was significantly decreased(p<0.05),and the serum VEGF of the LE and HE group was not statistically different(p>0.05).There was no significant difference in serum VEGF between LE,ME,and HE groups(p>0.05).6.There was no significant difference in the expression of miR-133 a in myocardial tissue between the groups(P>0.05).Conclusion:1.1.During the t2 dm modeling process in rats,moderate and high-intensity exercise can lower blood sugar better,and different intensity exercises reduce the thickening of the left ventricular wall,while small and medium-intensity exercise can better control the heart weight index.increase.2.In the process of rat T2 DM modeling,different intensity exercise intervention can reduce the expression of ?-SMA in myocardial tissue.Moderate exercise intervention can reduce the serum VEGF content,but did not cause the change of myocardial miR-133 a expression.