Clinical Effects Observation Of Alpha Hydroxy Acid In Treating Mild To Moderate Acne Vulgaris

Background: Acne Vulgaris has plagued adolescents all over the world for its disfigurement.For a long time,doctors around the world have been trying various treatments to cure it.Fruit Acid(Alpha Hydroxy Acid,AHA)has been used in both dermatology and cosmetology for more than 40 years since it was invented.For example,low concentration AHA is often added to many skin-care product types such as lotion,cleanser,mask and toner for daily use.While high concentration of AHA often requires professional medical personnel to operate to ensure safety.It has cosmetic effects that were welcomed by people who pursue a beautiful appearance such as moisturizing,firming,shrinking pores and brightening the skin.AHA is also highly recommended by clinicians because it has an effect of chemical peeling,acting on epidermis to dermal papilla layer with the concentration increased that is exploited to treat multiple diseases such as acne,chloasma,keratosis pilaris,ichthyosis,and amyloidosis of the skin.In this study,20% to 50% concentrations of AHA were used to treat mild to moderate acne through regulating the formation of keratinocytes,improving the abnormal opening of the hair-follicle sebaceous gland duct,clearing the hair-follicles and the sebum,inhibiting the Propionibacterium acne,increasing the moisture content of skin,protecting the skin barrier,lightening pigmentation and so on.Indeed,it is a promising drug to treat acne and improve skin texture.Objective: Self-control study was carried out to observe the efficacy of AHA therapy in treating mild to moderate acne,pigmentation,enlarged pores and inflammatory erythema.We also observe its main adverse reactions,assess safeness and enquire patients' satisfaction at the same time.Methods: From May 2018 to February 2019,62 patients who have been diagnosed as mild to moderate acne vulgaris according to Pillsbury classification,were selected for this trail,including 21 mild cases and 41 moderate cases,10 males and 52 females,between 18 and 35 years old,with a median age of 25±3.8,and medical histories range from 0.5 to 11 years.These patients were treated four times for one course,treatments were given every two weeks,and one course including 4 times for 8 weeks.The therapeutic effects were observed before and after treatments,according to the efficacy index ={(total score before treatment-total score after treatment)} / total score before treatment * 100% to determine the improvement of skin lesions.The patients' facial pigmentation,enlarged pores and inflammatory erythema were also scored before and after treatment to evaluate the development.At the same time,the adverse reactions occurred during the treatment,and patients' satisfaction was investigated.The final data were analyzed by statistical software SPSS 24.0 to evaluate effectiveness.Results: 62 patients were enrolled in the trial,all of whom received valid data.1.14 patients recovered after 4 treatments,accounting for 22.6%,35 patients were basically effective,accounting for 56.5%,13 patients were markedly effective,accounting for 20.9%,no one was ineffective,accounting for 0%.The total effective rate was 79.1%.2.After four treatments,the pigmentation score decreased from 4 to 2(P<0.05),the pore size score decreased from 4 to 3(P<0.05),the inflammatory erythema score decreased from 4 to 2(P<0.05).3.The primary adverse reactions occurred were subjective symptoms such as burning sensation and mild pain during and after surgery.5 patients developed postoperative erythema and stabbing pain,which wholly resolved within three days.2 patients developed mild desquamation and scarring after treatment,both of them recovered within one week.There is no severe adverse reaction such as allergies,blisters and systemic reactions occurred during the entire observation period.4.After 4 treatments,the evaluation of 40 patients was satisfied,accounting for 64.5%,19 patients was acceptable,accounting for 30.6%,no patient was unsatisfied,accounting for 0.0%.95.1% patients showed the positive attitude.Conclusion:1.AHA treatment has a noticeable curative effect on mild to moderate acne2.AHA treatment has a noticeable curative effect on pigmentation,pore size and inflammatory erythema.3.AHA treatment is effectual,economical,convenient and safe with rare adverse reactions.It is a promising drug that received high satisfaction in overall patients.