Research On Health Management Of Elderly People Based On Health Needs

[Purpose] To define the connotation of health management for the elderly based on health needs.Guided on the connotation of health management for the elderly,we assessed the health status and its influencing factors of the elderly aged 65 years over the sample area,and analyzed the content and the degree of satisfaction of the current health needs of the elderly.With the goal of satisfying the health needs of the elderly,the development strategy and recommendations for health management services are proposed in order to provide the further improvement of health services for the elderly.[Methods] Throughout the literature analysis and bibliometrics methods,we analyzed the research hot spots and fronts of the field of health management for the elderly.Through on-site investigations,the health data of the elderly in the sample area are obtained.The health problems and related influencing factors in the elderly are analyzed using mathematical statistics methods.Then we analyzed the content and the degree of satisfaction of health needs of the elderly in propose to develop the health management services for the[Results](1)From the bibliometric analysis of literature related to elderly health management at home and abroad,the research hotspots and research frontiers in this field focus on chronic disease management,health assessment of the elderly,psychological disease measurement and intervention,care of the elderly,and combination of medical care and health care.All of these,the multimorbidity and the frailty of the elderly are frontiers of research in this field.(2)The on-site survey showed that 86.27% of the elderly people had chronic diseases,52.29% of them had 2 or more chronic diseases,and the top 3 chronic diseases were hypertension,heart disease and diabetes;The influencing factors of multimorbidity were living style(?2=11.391,P=0.003),whether to exercise regularly(?2=4.528,P=0.033)and whether to smoke(?2=5.327,P=0.021);A total of 12.75% of theelderly had declined in different degrees of the self-care ability.The influencing factors of the elderly's ability to take care of themselves were the age(?2=25.023,P<0.000),whether they had multimorbidity(?2=6.035,P=0.014)and whether they exercised regularly(?2=44.194,P<0.000).(3)In terms of the mental health,33.61% of the elderly are lonely;17.65% of the elderly felt depressed or desperate in the past month,and 17.32% of the elderly had lost interest or found no interest in the past month.There was a high rate of loneliness,depression,and lack of interest in the elderly who had lost their spouses,lived alone,or had self-care dysfunction(P<0.05).(4)In terms of social adaptability,35.62% of the elderly had no the close friends;44.77% of the elderly did not seek help actively when they suffered from the difficuty;68.95% of the elderly never participated in group activities;the senior citizens,widowed,single-living and living in self-care dysfunction of the elderly had poor social adaptability(P<0.05).[Conclusions](1)The need for prevention and treatment of chronic diseases in the elderly is partly satisfied,but has not yet been fully met.The health needs of elderly people with multimorbidity needed urgent attention.Health departments and primary-level medical and health organizations should strengthen the health examination of the elderly and explored more comprehensive interventions for the elderly with multimorbidity.(2)The disability prevention,door-to-door care and long-term care needs of the elderly with self-care disability are not satisfied.The elderly over 80 years old had poor self-care ability,and the function of family care is gradually weakening.Primary-level medical and health organizations should hand the care of the community's elderly and put the care of the community's elderly into the health management of the elderly,providing long-term medical care and support services.(3)The mental health of the elderly needs to be met.The psychological status and social support of the elderly needed to be improved.Health department should strengthen the training of mental health professionals.Primary-level medical and health organizations should strengthen the mental health education for the elderly.(4)The social adaptation of the elderlyneeds to be further met.The primary-level medical and health institutions can establish good interpersonal relationship with the elderly through GP contract,so as to meet the social adaptation needs of the elderly.