Investigation Of The Overweight And Obesity Among Chinese Rural Women Between 2009 To 2011

Objective:To investigate the prevalence of overweight and obesity among Chinese rural women aged 35-59,and to provide baseline data in the control of overweight/obesity and its related diseases in the future.Methods:These rural women aged 35-59 years were recuited from Chinese Breast Cancer Screening Program,which covered 31 provinces of China in 2009-2011.A total of 812030 women were recuited,including164050 in 2009,300860 in 2010 and347120 in 2011.A unique questionnaire was used to investigate to these women's socio-ecological information,including age,marital status,occupation,educational level,and family income.Height and weight were measured with the same method.The body mass index?Body mass index,BMI?is obtained by dividing the weight?kilogram?by the square of height?meter?,and the unit is kg/m^2.In order to ensure the data quality,researchers had carries out a series of strict quality control measures on every key point during the screening program.For numerical variables,test of normality were first conducted.For data with normal distribution,the mean and standard deviation?M±SD?are used to describe their distribution,otherwise,the median and inter-quartile range?IQR?are used.The comparisons of overweight rate and obesity rate between different subgroups women according to ages,regions,ethnic groups,family income,and educational level were tested by?² test.All test were conducted with SAS 9.3 version.All tests were two-side tests,with significant level???as 0.05.Results:The overall prevalence of overweight and obesity among rural women aged35-59 in North China?41.3%,11.9%?is significantly higher than those in other regions?P<0.01?.There were also significant difference in the prevalences of overweight and obesity between different provinces and cities?P<0.01?,with highest prevalence of overweight and obesity?43.4%and 19.1%?in Beijing,highest prevalence of low weight?12.1%?in Hainan,and highest prevalence of normal weight?80.79%?in Guangxi.There was an obviously increased trend on the prevalence of overweight and obesity as age increased?P<0.01?,with highest prevalence of overweight and obesity in women aged 50-54 years?33.6%and 8.0%?.Among rural women from different ethnic groups,the prevalence of overweight and obesity was highest in Kazakhs?34.38%and 12.45%?and Uighurs?35.60%and11.15%?.As the level of education increased,the prevalence of overweight and obesity decreased?P<0.01?.Moreover,as the level of income increased,the prevalence of overweight and obesity increased?P<0.01?.As the level of income increased,both the height,weight,and prevalence of overweight and obesity among rural women increased.These results would suggest that the prevalence of overweight and obesity will increase as the population's living standards improve.As the age imcreased,the height shows a constantly increased trend,while the weight first increased and then decreased.As a result,prevalence of overweight and obesity also first increased and then decreased with highest prevalence of overweight and obesity in women aged 50-54 years.Therefore,the control of overweight and obesity should mainly focus on the controlling weight among women with middle age.Conclusion:1,The prevalence of overweight and obesity among Chinese rural women in 2009-2011 was significantly higher than those reported from the 1992 and2002 national nutrition surveys.2,The prevalences of overweight and obesity varied according to different ages,regions,levels of education,and household incomes.3,Future obesity interventions should be different according to different ages,regions,levels of education,and family income.