Etiology Of Visual Impairment In Tianjin School For The Visually Impaired And Study To Rehabilitation Of Visual Aids

PurposeTo investigate the causes of visual disability and visual acuity?VA?of students in Tianjin School for the Visually Impaired for the prevention of children's blindness;To objectively evaluate the rehabilitation efficacy of visual aids and discuss the ideas of eye care service for students.MethodsStudents accepted questionnaire and routine examinations of ophthalmology during December 24^th,2016^February 16^th,2017 and identified the causes of disability combining with their medical history.The results of visual acuity were classified by the categories of visual impairment of China in 2006.Appropriate and different types of visual aids were chosen for students according to the assessment of visual function and residual vision,students and parents accepted the use guidance of distant/near optical and non-optical visual aids.LV Prasad-Functional Vision Questionnaire was used to evaluate the effect before and after visual rehabilitation.Statistics analysis adopted SPSS 20.0?IBM,USA?.Independent sample t test was used to compare the effects of distant optical visual aids and difference analysis of degree in visual difficulty?1-4?before and after rehabilitation of LVP-FVQ.Chi square test was used to analyze the difference of no difficulty in vision.p<0.05 means differences are statistically significant.Results1.A total of 77 students were examined and the rate of examination was 97.47%.There were 41 males and 36 females with age of 7²4?14.48+3.70?years.Major underlying etiology was congenital ocular dysgenesis with microphthalmus?16,20.78?,followed by congenital cataract?14,18.18%?,ROP?12,15.58%?,optic atrophy?10,12.99%?,albinism?4,5.19%?,glaucoma?4,5.19%?,retinitis pigmentosa?3,3.90%?,others?14,18.18%?.12 congenital cataract had a phaco surgery and the operation rate was 85.71%,of which 2 students were not implanted intraocular lens,and wore corrected glasses.According to the categories of visual impairment of China in 2006,42?54.55%?students were blind and 32?42.86%?were low vision,3had vision of 0.3 or better.2.Only 8 students had optical visual aids for distance and 6 had been abandoned.LogMAR VA of 35 students was 1.07±0.31,visual aids VA of 6×keplerian telescope was improved to 0.44±0.22,difference had statistically significance?t=9.97,p<0.05?;visual aids VA of 2.8×Galilean telescope were improved to 0.70±0.26,difference had statistically significance?t=5.14,p<0.05?.3.42 students were allotted 8 kinds and 102 pieces of aids.The average score in question 4,6 and 18 was decreased in the degree in visual difficulty?1-4?before and after rehabilitation of LVP-FVQ and difference was significant?t=3.846,4.714 and2.055,p<0.05?.42 students chose“no difficulty”in question 5 and rehabilitation had no effect on question 12 and 19.The number of people in question 6 increased from 0to 19?45.24%?and question 18 increased from 2?4.76%?to 22?52.38%?in the“no difficulty of vision”,difference was significant?p<0.001?.A total of 40 students?95.24%?thought their vision was much worse than other normal friends,the other 2?4.76%?chose to be a little worse than their friends.ConclusionRegistration/consultation of genetic diseases and aristogenesis were main measures to reduce the serious congenital eye disease in newborn.It's important to improve therapeutic effect of congenital cataract and establish ROP screening system to prevent avoidable blindness.Application of distant optical aids could effectively improve VA and refractive correction combined with individual training program contributed to improve the utilization rate and effects of visual aids.Rehabilitation enhanced functional vision in VA and visual field.Cooperation in college of optometry,center of low vison rehabilitation and teacher firmly could improve self-care ability of low vision children.