| QMore than 80% outside information is received through the visual pathway, so the visual function plays an important role in the flight safety. Flight is a special work, high-altitude environment, mechanical environment and the cockpit environment may reduce the visual performance, and even disability. With the development of aviation technology, the pilot’s work environment has improved significantly, but the new technology also brings new problem. How to overcome the adverse effects, preserve and maintain visual function, it was widespread concerned. There are many items should be examined in visual system, including distance visual acuity, near visual acuity, color vision, contrast sensitivity, stereo vision, rapid dark adaptation time and heterophoria, which cost too much manpower and material resource. While the special visual inspection instrument integrate seven visual function, it is small size, quick start/dismantling so that all of the checks can be operated by a single person in a samll room ,which greatly reduce manpower and material resource. So it has a promising prospects in the aviation field. There is lack of evidence for its accuracy and reliably. Our experiment compare it with other instruments in order to provide the evidence.Material and Methods1.Subjects: one hundred and sixty seven male students with no special system disease or oculopathy as subjects.age between 19 and 23 ,average age:21.62±1.6 , visual acuity(corrected visual acuity): above and include 0.5.2.Methods: The subjects were checked by the same person under the same environment according to the manual,The visual acuity was measured by the LogMAR visual chart, standard near visual chart and the special visual inspection instrument.The color vision was tested by the pseudoisochromatic plates,FM-100 hue test and the special visual inspection instrument,. The fast dark adaption time was measured by YAK-II dark adaption inspection instrument and the special visual inspection instrument. the heterphoria degree was measured by Maddox, Synoptophore and the special visual inspection instrument,.The stereo vision was measured by the Jinshi binocular vision inspection book, Titmus and the special visual inspection instrument.Results1.Visual acuity: There was no significant difference in far visual acuity between the special visual inspection instrument and the LogMAR visual chart, The visual acuity value of E-shaped in sixteen eyes higher than the LogMAR visual chart’s,The visual acuity value of E-shaped in nine eyes lower than the LogMAR visual chart’s,the difference was within the adjacent grade. The visual acuity value of C-shaped in ten eyes higher than the LogMAR visual chart’s,The visual acuity value of C-shaped in twenty-six eyes lower than the LogMAR visual chart’s, the difference of four eyes was within two grades, the difference of one eye was within three grades, the others were within the adjacent grade.There was also no significant difference in near visual acuity between the special visual inspection instrument and the standard near visual chart. The visual acuity value of the inspection instrument in thirteen eyes were lower than the standard near visual chart’s,while the visual acuity value of the inspection instrument in fifteen eyes were higher than the standard near visual chart’s, the difference between them was within two grades, the others were within adjacent grades.2.Color visionThe result of color vision test is same among three instruments.3.The fast dark adaption timeThe fast dark adaption time of the special visual inspection instrument was 57.32±19.03 s,the pass rate was 61.90 percentage.while the fast dark adaption time of the YAK-II dark adaption inspection instrument was 32.81±13.18 s,the pass rate was 95.23 percentage.Both the fast dark adaption time and pass rate were significant difference between two instruments(p<0.05).4.HeterophoriaThe esophoria,the exophoria and hyperphoria of special visual inspection instrument respectively were 2.83±2.47Δ,1.76±2.10Δ,0.68±0.80Δ,the esophoria,the exophoria and hyperphoria of Maddox respectively were 3.71±2.77Δ,2.73±2.69Δ,0.65±0.56Δ, the esophoria,the exophoria and hyperphoria of synoptophore respectively were 2.59±2.35Δ,1.97±2.10 Δ,0.25±0.33Δ.Both esophoria and exophoria were significant difference between special visual inspection instrument and Maddox(P<0.05),hyperphoria was significant difference between special visual inspection instrument and (P<0.05).The pass rate of three instruments respectively was 84%,82%,94%,there was no significant difference among three instrumnents .5.Stereo visionThe passed numbers of the special visual inspection instrument were 49(94.23 percentage), the passed number of Titmus were 51(96.15 percentage), the passed numbers of the Jin binocular vision inspection atlas were 45(86.53 percentage). The results between the special visual inspection instrument and Titmus were almost same, There was no significant difference between the special visual inspection instrument and the Jinshi binocular vision inspection book(P>0.05). There was also no significant difference between Titmus and the jinshi binocular vision inspection book(P>0.05). But there is one people, his result of the stereo vision in the the Jin binocular vision inspection book and Titmus was 40”, while it can’t be detected in the special visual inspection instrument.Conclusion1.The results of visual acuity of the special visual inspection instrument were similar with the LogMAR’s and the standard near visual chart2. color vision of the special visual inspection instrument was similar with the FM-100 and Pseudoisochromatic plate3.The fast dark adaption of the special visual inspection instrument is longer,the pass rate of the special visual inspection instrument is lower. There is a difference between two instruments.4.The heterphoria degree was difference among three instrumnents,while the pass rate was no significant difference among three instruments.5.The results of the special visual inspection instrument were similar with the the Jin binocular vision inspection atlas and Titmus. it is difficult to understand ,so it is so important to give the correct guildline. |
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