Study On Partial Special Physical Fitness And Physical Activity Of Students With Mild To Moderate Mental Retardation

Objective: To understand the present situation of some special physical fitness and physical activity of students with mild to moderate mental retardation,to explore the relationship between physical activity level and special physical fitness of students with mental retardation,and to provide guidance for improving quality of life and promoting physical health.Methods: A total of 198(109 males and 89 females)aged 8 to 15 years with mild to moderate intellectual disabilities from Beijing Peizhi School were selected to measure their physical form,function and exercise ability.Acti Graph3X+ accelerometer was used to measure physical activity.The data is tested by k-s normal distribution,the experimental data and Beijing census data compared with the single-sample t test;comparison between two groups using independent samples t test;differences between groups using one-way analysis of variance,group Paired sample t-test;partial correlation analysis of physical activity level and part of the special fitness relationship;Logistic regression analysis to determine the level of physical activity and overweight and obesity dose-effect relationship.Results:(1)The height of mental retardation students was lower than that of normal students(P <0.05).The overweight rate was 25.25% and the obesity rate was 22.73%.The waist-hip ratio of boys was higher than that of female students(P <0.05).(2)Students with mental retardation had lower vital capacity than normal students(P <0.01).The boys' vital capacity index was negatively correlated with BMI,waist circumference and waist-hip ratio.(3)The development of mental retardation boys and girls is uneven.(4)The rate of male and female physical activity was 5.5%,and the weekend day was lower than that of school day(P < 0.05).(5)MPA% and VPA% of overweight and obesity boys were lower than those of normal controls(P <0.05);MVPA of mild mental retardation was higher than that of moderate ones on weekends(P <0.05).(6)There was a negative correlation between boys' MPA and VPA and obesity index,girls' SD was more influenced by SD,boys' vital capacity index positively correlated with VPA,girls' functional index positively correlated with MVPA,girls' MVPA was positively correlated with core strength and leg strength,The longer,the lower the risk of overweight and obesity(P <0.05).Conclusions:(1)The overweight and obesity rate of students with mental retardation is high,and the distribution of body fat is different between male and female.The lung capacity of boys and girls increases with age,the vital capacity index and body mass index are negatively correlated,the male vital capacity index is negatively correlated with waist circumference,girls are not obvious;the core strength and leg strength of students with mental retardation are unbalanced.(2)The level of physical activity of students with mental retardation is low,the standard rate is lower,and the weekend day is lower than the school day.The higher the mental barrier,the lower the physical activity level at weekends.(3)The longer the average and higher intensity of physical activity of boys with mental retardation,the lower the rate of obesity,and independent of the effect of sedentary little movement;the longer a girl sits sedentary,the higher the rate of obesity is,and independent of the influence of physical activity;the longer a woman's medium and higher intensity of physical activity,the better the lung function,the core strength and the leg strength,However,the high intensity physical activity time had a great influence on the leg strength and lung function.(4)The daily reduction of SD and the increase of VPA can reduce the risk of being obesity and overweight.