| Grifola frondosa,is a kind of valuable edible and medicinal fungus.In recent years,researchers have found that it has a good effect on the prevention and treatment of diabetes and hyperlipidemia.Lipid metabolism disorders,which can cause hyperlipemia,hyperglycemia,fatty liver and other metabolic syndromes,has become one of the global health problems.In this paper,the effect of active components on the lipid metabolic disorder from Grifola frondosa was studied.The main research contents and results are as follows:(1)HE,CE,EAE,ME and WE extracts were extracted with hexane,chloroform,ethyl acetate,methanol and deionized water,respectively.100%EE,80%EE,60%EE,40%EE,20%EE and 0%EE extracts were extracted with different concentrations of ethanol-water solution.Comparing the activity of 11 extracts by using the simulation of cholate binding in vitro and lipase enzyme inhibition method,the results showed that the EAE extract had the highest binding activity of sodium deoxycholate and sodium cholate with the binding amount reaching to 24.59 and 22.1μ mol/100mg,respectively.And its inhibition rate of pancreatic lipase was the highest,reaching to 73.15%.DPPH scavenging capacity was only in the second,and the total reduction power stood in the middle.Therefore,the strong active component from Grifola frondosa was EAE extract.(2)Through the single factor and response surface optimization method,the optimum extraction conditions of EAE extract from Grifola frondosa were obtained:the material liquid ratio is 29:1,ultrasonic time is 30 min,and extraction temperature is 50℃.Under the condition,the maximum yield of EAE was 0.566%.Furthermore,the main components of EAE from Grifola frondosa were identified as pseudobaptigenin and cyanidin 3-O-xylosyl-rutinoside by UPLC-MS/MS.(3)In this paper,Wistar rats model,fed with high-fat diet,was established,to evaluate the effects of different doses of EAE extracts(high dose of 50 mg/kg,moderate dose of 25 mg/kg and low dose of 12.5mg/kg)from Grifola frondosa on lipid metabolism disorder.The results showed that the body weight,liver weight and body fat content of model group rats,fed with high-fat diet for 6 weeks,were significantly higher than those of normal diet rats.Compared with the model group,high-dose EAE could significantly reduce body weight,liver weight,and body fat content;also obviously reduce the content of blood sugar,and increase the content of serum HDL-c.Compared with the model group,from the liver biochemical indicators,high dose EAE could significantly reduce liver content of TC and TG.The high dose EAE could obviously promote the discharge of TC and TG in the feces and inhibit the activity of lipase in the intestines.In conclusion,high-dose EAE exacts from Grifola frondosa could effectively improve the lipid metabolism disorder,and reduce lipid absorption and accumulation.(4)By the high-throughput sequencing technique of 16S rRNA gene V3-V4 variable region,and multivariate statistical analysis,the effects of high-dose EAE extract from Grifola frondosa on the intestinal microflora structure and correlation analysis of intestinal microflora with blood biochemistry,liver biochemistry and fecal biochemical were studied.The results showed that the EAE extract could up-regulate 10 kinds of bacterias,such as OTU102(Enterococcus sp.)、OTU142(Enterococcus sp.)、OTU252(Enterococcus sp.)、OTU333(Bacteroides chinchillae)、OTU352(Enterococcus sp.)、OTU561(Enterococcus sp.)、OTU613(Enterococcus sp.)、OTU627(Sporobacter termitidis)、OTU641(Ruminococcus bromii)and OTU93(Clostridium saccharolyticum),no matter from the analysis of rat intestinal flora structure,or from correlation analysis of the intestinal microflora with blood biochemistry,liver biochemical and fecal biochemical.It was further confirmed that the high-dose EAE exact from Grifola frondosa played an important role in improving lipid metabolism by up-regulating the beneficial bacterias,such as Enterococcus,Bacteroides,Sporobacter,Ruminococcus and Clostridium. |
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