| Objectives:To investigate and analyze the status and influencing factors of self-management behaviors of chronic asthma patients in Changji,Xinjiang,and to analyze the relationship between self-management behaviors and ACT control levels in chronic asthma patients,and to provide a theoretical basis for effectively conducting self-management education for asthma patients and promoting self-management behaviors.Methods:A total of 240 patients with chronic asthma who visited the outpatient and inpatient departments of People's Hospital of Changji Prefecture in Xinjiang from January 2017 to June 2017 were selected for this study.Take the "General Survey of Patients" in to application,the "Asthma Self-Management Behavior Questionnaire" and "Asthma Control Test ACT Scoring Table" as the tools for conducting a questionnaire survey.Databases were created by using excel software in addition,the SPSS 17.0 software was used for data analysis.The current status of self-management of asthma was described as using a non-parametric rank sum test.The self-management behaviors of chronic asthmatic patients were analyzed by using rank sum test and multiple linear regression.To analysize the factors to the relationship between self-management behavior and ACT in patients with chronic asthma by using the application of the analysis according to the spearman correlation.Results:1.The total score of self-management behaviors in patients with chronic asthma in Changji Hui Autonomous Prefecture,Xinjiang is81.The five-dimensional scores from high to low are as follows: avoidance of predisposing factors,the use of clinical medicine,the identification and treatment for the seizure symptoms,treatment status,and illness' monitoring.42.08% of those who are with poor self-management behaviors 36.25% for the medium and 21.67% for the good.ACT control level: 30 cases(12.5%)were under completely control,135 cases(56.25%)were under partially control,and 75 cases(31.25%)were without any control.2.The single factor from the analysis of the the overall level of self-management behaviors in patients with chronic asthma showed that there were significant differences in self-management scores for different physical training,education level,hobbies,family average monthly income,and ACT control level.In the regression analysis,the final regression equation was education level,monthly household income,hobbies,and ACT control level.The regression equation was: self-management behavior = 72.766+1.890 × education level +2.342 × household per capita monthly income-3.460 × Hobbies + 7.395 × ACT control level.3.Regression analysis results of each dimension of self-management behaviors:(1)avoidance of predisposing factors = 39.36 + 2.41 ACT control level;(2)disease surveillance =3.101-1.445 × hobbies + 0.461 × education level + 0.839 × disease control level;(3)the identification and treatment for the seizure symptoms=12.193-0.896×Gender-0.773×Hobbies +0.964×ACT control level;(4)the use of clinical medicine=9.131+1.319×Household average monthly income+2.4279×ACT control level;(5)the treatment status=3.44+0.407×Family Per capita monthly income +0.383 × ACT control level.4.There was a positive correlation between ACT control and self-management behaviors in patients with chronic asthma(R=0.494,P=0.000<0.05).The correlation coefficient between the dimensions of self-management behavior and the ACT control level was ranked as follows: the use of clinical medicine(R=0.356)> predisposing factors(R=0.302)> Self-monitoring(R=0.286)> Recognition and management of symptoms(R=0.264)> Treatment status(R=0.162).Conclusion:Patients with chronic asthma in Changji,Xinjiang had moderately low self-management behaviors.The five dimensions of self-management behavior were ranked from low to high: the disease surveillance,the use of clinical medicine with doctors' compliance,the treatment status,the avoidance of predisposing factors,and the identification and management of symptoms.Educational level,family monthly average income,hobbies,together with the ACT control level,they all affect the self-management behaviors of patients who are suffering with chronic asthma.The paramedics should focus on the weakness of patients' self-management behaviors,meanwhile strengthen the health education on the patient's condition monitoring methods,and increase the management to the compliance of the patients(take the use of clinical medicine and the futher consultation for instance)to promote the level of patients' self-management.The level of asthma control will be promoted accordingly with enhancing the ability of self-management of chronic asthma patients. |
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