Analysis On The Status And Influencing Factors Of Schistosoma Japonicum Infection And KABP Survey Of Fishermen And Boatmen In Dongting Lake Basin

Objective To understand the trend of endemic situation of schistosomiasis in floating population,and to investigate schistosomiasis endemic status of migrant fishermen and boatmen and its influence factors so as to provide evidence for schistosomiasis control.Methods In this study,the 2005-2014 year monitoring data of the national schistosomiasis monitoring sites were collected.The antibody positive rates of schistosomiasis and adjusted infection rate were calculated.The level of Schistosoma infection upon different years,regions and occupational populations was compared by chi square test.The characteristics and trends of the epidemic situation of schistosomiasis in floating population were analyzed by descriptive statistics so as to understand the distribution of the schistosomiasis resourses in floating population.According to the results above,a questionnaire survey was performed among floating population in the area with high incidence of schistosomiasis.Schistosomiasis control knowledge rates,schistosomiasis prevention attitude,belief correct rates,and correct behavior rates were calculated in order to acknowledge the status of basic knowledge,attitude,belief and performances of schistosomiasis prevention and control of fishermen and boatmen.Meanwhile,a cross sectional survey was performed.Stool samples were collected and investigated by PCR to understand the schistosomiasis endemic status of fishermen and boatmen.Schistosomiasis prevention and control measures,water contacting status,treatment history and other information of fishermen and boatmen were collected.DNA extract kit was used to extract fecal DNA,and specific primers were synthesized according to Schistosoma japonicum 18S-rRNA gene fragment.(18S-FW:5'-TTCCG ATAAC GAACG AGAC-3',18S-RV:5'-AGCGA TAAAG CCACT ACAAC-3')The PCR method was used to amplify DNA.Meanwhile,negative and positive control were set up in each batch of experiments.PCR amplification products and DNA marker were added to 1.5%agarose gel respectively.After electrophoresis,corresponding bands of PCR products at the position of 469 BP were considered to be schistosoma nucleic acid positive,otherwise to be negative.The influence factors related to the infection of Schistosoma were analyzed by multiple factor Logistic regression.ResultsA total of 11834 floating populations were monitored at the national schistosomiasis surveillance sites of China during the study period,and 11558 persons received serological tests,with 419 sero-positives screened.Then,370 sero-positive floating populations were detected using parasitological examinations,and 25 stool positives were detected.The adjusted infection rates of schistosomiasis in floating population were 0.07%?0.74%from 2005 to 2014 with the highest in 2006 and the lowest in 2008.(Except for 2013 and 2014,adjusted infection rates were 0.)The prevalence of S.japonicum infections significantly varied in time(?2time= 15.10,Ptime= 0.03),occupations(?2occupation=115.18,Poccupation<0.01)and regions(?2region=13.18,Pregion<0.01)in the study subjects during the study period.A high adjusted prevalence of S.japonicum infections was seen in the boatmen and fishermen.Schistosomiasis infection rate was highest among fishermen and boatmen in several provinces.During the study period,we investigated 601 fishermen and boatmen in the Yueyang County of Hunan Province.The knowledge,attitude,belief,practice(KABP)survey shows that schistosomiasis control knowledge rate was 76.66%.Knowledge rates on schistosome infection,intermediate host,prevention methods were high among fishermen and boatmen(>95%);while the knowledge rates on schistosomiasis's effect on children and women and its drugs were relatively low(<70%).Schistosomiasis prevention attitude,belief correct rate of fishermen and boatmen was 90.35%.The rates of correctly installing feces containers and using onshore public toilet were high(>95%),and the belief correct rates of preventing and curing schistosomiasis were relatively low(<90%).Schistosomiasis control behavior correct rate was 56.91%.The rates of accepting examination and treatment as well as normatively taking medicine among fishermen and boatmen were high(>98%),while the rates of properly using feces container,preventing when contacting field water and using onshore public toilet were relatively low(<35%).A total of 601 fishermen and boatmen were investigated in this cross-sectional study,with male occupied the majority(57.40%).The respondents were mainly sideline fishermen and boatmen(59.90%).91.18%of respondents came from junior school or below,and 87.53%of respondents were over 40 years old.A total of 83 positive samples were detected by PCR,and the positive rate of schistosome nucleic acid was 13.81%(83/601).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age,occupation years,treatment times and treatment in last two years were the main influencing factors of schistosomiasis infection.ConclusionFishermen and boatmen,as a high-risk group of S.japonicum infections in floating population,deserve more attention on surveillance and prevention due to their great mobility and regulatory obstacles.Schistosomiasis control knowledge rates and preventive attitude,belief correct rates of respondents were relatively high;while correct preventive behavior rates were relatively low.The endemic situation of Schistosoma japonicum infections in fishermen and boatmen was still not optimistic.The results of Logistic analysis showed that young fishermen and boatmen with longer working years,less treatment times,having no treatment in last two years face a higher risk of S.japonicum infections.The measures for these respondents should be strengthened to precisely prevent and control schistosomiasis.