The Investigation And Analysis Of The Current Situation Of Unhealthy Lifestyle In The High Risk Population Of Cardiovascular Diseases In Jilin Province

As a chronic non-communicable disease,cardiovascular disease has the characteristics of high morbidity,high morbidity and mortality and has become a major public health problem.According to the World Health Organization,unhealthy lifestyles such as smoking,alcohol consumption,physical inactivity and unhealthy diets are among the major risk factors for cardiovascular disease.Numerous studies have shown that residents with unhealthy lifestyles and cardiovascular disease are closely related to improve bad lifestyles can reduce the incidence of adverse events and cardiovascular disease,but also an important way to control the prevalence of cardiovascular disease.In this study,by investigating the unhealthy lifestyles of high risk population of cardiovascular disease in Jilin Province,to explore the distribution characteristics and influencing factors,and to provide a scientific basis for the development of related intervention strategies.Objective:To initially identify the high risk population of cardiovascular disease in Jilin Province,to investigate the general characteristics of the high risk population and the status of the unhealthy life style,to analyze the detection and aggregation of high-risk people's unhealthy lifestyles,and explore the factors affecting their unhealthy lifestyles and aggregation conditions.According to the results of the analysis,we put forward targeted interventions to provide a useful reference for improving the unhealthy lifestyles and reducing the incidence of cardiovascular diseases in the high risk of cardiovascular disease.Methods:From October 2015 to June 2016,this study selected 6 project areas in Jilin Province to carry out screening work in communities or villages,the multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method was used to complete the preliminary screening survey with a total of 35640 people.Using on-site survey,all staff need to undergo unified training.The survey included three parts: field survey(general information of the survey subjects,primary screening and high-risk questionnaires),physical measurement(height,weight,waist circumference,blood pressure and expiratory flow rate)and laboratory tests(blood glucose and blood lipids),the complete information of the respondents is uploaded to the national data collection platform.SPSS22.0 statistical software was used for data analysis.The measurement data that accorded with the normal distribution was represented by mean ± standard,the t-test was used for the comparison between groups.The measurement data that did not meet the normal distribution was expressed by median(upper quartile,lower quartile),and the comparison between groups was performed using the rank test.Count data usage rate or composition ratio indicates that comparisons between groups are performed using chi-square tests.Factors that influence the adverse lifestyle of high-risk groups of cardiovascular disease are analyzed using two-category and multi-class Logistic regression analysis methods.Results:(1)The survey completed a total of 35640 preliminary screening questionnaires,screened 9836 cases of high-risk objects,of which 8856 people completed a high-risk questionnaire;the effective completion rate was 90.0%.The average age of the respondents was(57.46 ± 9.381)years,of which 3734 were male,accounting for 42.2% and 5122 were female,accounting for 57.8%.(2)The proportion of smokers currently surveyed was 21.8%.The age at which they started smoking was mainly below 28(88.0%).Drinking alcohol was more than 4 times per week(7.1%),due to alcohol consumption or Indications of alcohol dependence accounted for 16.3%;The proportion of those who never participate in physical exercise was relatively high(65.2%),the total exercise time of each week was shorter(less than 10 hours accounted for 58.6%),and the total time of sitting time per week was 46.0 %;High-salt foods had a higher frequency of intake,accounting for 44.2% of the patients with an average daily intake of more than 4 days.The frequency of consumption of soy products was low,accounting for 51.8% of the total.(3)The detection rates of smoking,drinking,physical inactivity and high salt diet were 21.2%(1881 cases),21.4%(1893 cases),70.2%(6219 cases)and 45.2%(4004 cases)respectively.There was a statistically significant difference in smoking rates among people with different sex,age,type of household registration,marital status,occupation,and history of hypertension(P<0.05).There were significant differences in drinking rate among people with demographic characteristics,history of hypertension and different BMI groups(P<0.05).There was a statistically significant difference in the rate of insufficiency in different groups of gender,age,type of household registration,education level,occupation,family annual income and history of diabetes(P<0.05).There were statistically significant differences in high salt diet rates among different age groups,nationalities,types of household registration,cultural levels,occupations,annual household income,hypertension history,and different BMI populations(P <0.05).(4)Unhealthy lifestyle has gathered.The proportions of respondents with 0,1,2,3 and 4 unhealthy lifestyles were 14.4%(1278 cases),32.8%(2902 cases),36.7%(3251 cases),12.5%(1107 cases),and 3.6 %(318 cases).The unhealthy lifestyles were mainly one species and two species,with low physical activity and high salt diet,and there were significant differences in the aggregation and distribution of unhealthy lifestyles among different characteristic groups(P <0.05).(5)Multivariate logistic regression analysis of unhealthy lifestyles showed that the age,female,non-agricultural households,family annual income of 10,000 to 20,000 yuan,and occupation are the protective factors for the investigation of the unhealthy lifestyle;Koreans are risk factors for the unhealthy lifestyle.The annual family income of 10,000 to 50,000 yuan is a risk factor for smoking;Koreans,high level of education,workers and technology,business service personnel,retirees,domestic and unemployed people and other occupations are risk factors for drinking alcohol in the survey.Women,Koreans,and history of hypertension are risk factors for physical activity in the survey;Koreans and history of hypertension is a risk factor for high salt diet in the survey.(6)Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that both female and Korean was the risk factors for the survey with both physical activity and high salt diet.Compared with 2 kinds of unhealthy lifestyles,Korean and males were the respondents there are three or more risk factors for unhealthy lifestyles.The unhealthy lifestyles were divided into three categories,with one unhealthy lifestyle as the reference.The results showed that Korean,male and peasants were the subjects of two unhealthy lifestyles and three risk factors of unhealthy lifestyles.Conclusions:(1)In 2015,the high risk rate of cardiovascular disease in Jilin Province was 28.0%,which was in the medium level in the country and required great attention.(2)The subjects' smoking,drinking,lack of physical activity and high salt diet rates were 21.2%,21.4%,70.2% and 45.2%,respectively;the lack of physical activity and high salt diet rate were higher than the other two.(3)Different factors have different effects on the unhealthy life style of the respondents.Among them,ethnicity,gender,occupation and history of hypertension are the main factors affecting the unhealthy lifestyle of the respondents.(4)The unhealthy lifestyles of the respondents were aggregated,mainly in two kinds;The aggregation and distribution of unhealthy lifestyles of different groups of people were different.Koreans,men and peasants are important risk factors for the accumulation of unhealthy lifestyles.