Exploration For Pathologic Collateral In TCM Mechanism Of Disease And Its Clinical Application

The pathologic collateral theory belongs to mechanism of disease in Traditional Chinese Medicine,which refers to the state caused by the abnormality of the function of the collaterals.diseases can be treated by correcting such condition.By methods of philology,this research systematically combed the origin and development of pathologic collateral theory and explored clinical application of the theory.Mainly from the following aspects:?.Literature reviewBy reviewing China Medical Code,the literature data related to collaterals in ancient literature were collated.160 search results were screened out,which included the essense,physiology,pathology,Yinluo,Yangluo,Daluo,Xiaoluo,Luoqi and treatment for collateral diseases.Among them,the essense of the network was most frequently discussed.To be more specific.Internal Classic was the budding period of pathologic collateral theory,the concepts of JieLuo,blood collateral,excess collateral,deficient collateral andhorizontal collateral contained the embryonic form of collateral theory and were very inspiring to the physicians of later generations.Treatise on Cold Damage and Miscellaneous Diseases in the Han Dynasty discussed the prescription for collaterals,firstly exemplified using insects for treating pathologic collateral,provided guidance for the later application.Pulse Classic discussed treating visceral diseases in view of collateral meridian.Treatise on the Pathogenesis and Manifestations of All Diseases expounded the mechanism of disease by collateral theory.Qian Jin Fang discussed disease diagnoses combined with collateral theory.In Danxi 's Experiential Therapy,stroke was treated by activating blood and freeing the collateral vessels.Principles for Medical Profession discussed the types of collaterals in detail.A Clinical Guide with Case Histories put forward the viewpoints of "long-lasting diseases into the network" and "long-time pain into the collaterals"",established the therapeutic strategy of freeing collaterals by medicine of spiciness,by regulating Qi,dispelling phlegm,by activating the blood.The book discussed the blood collateral and deficiency collateral.Correction of Errors in Medical Classics mentioned that collateral diseases should be treated by reinforcing Qi and freeing collaterals.Classified Patterns/Syndromes with Clear-Cut Treatments emphasized treating diseases by freeing collaterals.Treatise on Blood Patterns/Syndromes advocated the blood patterns should be treated by eliminating stasis to activating Qi.Zhang Yuqing'.s Medical C.ases has extensively applied the method of freeing collateral meridians and expanded the therapeutic range of the meridians.In modern research,the theory of collaterals was applied to the diagnosis and treatment of percutaneous coronary artery disease,acute heart failure or heart and kidney syndrome,tachyarrhythmia,and other difficult or critical illnesses.It was believed that collaterals had the same identity with the small blood vessels and microvessels,which provided a theoretical basis for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases for collateral theory.?.Exploration for pathologic collateral in TCM mechanism of diseaseThe theoretical system of traditional Chinese medicine proposed by Prof.Fang Yaozhong mainly included the following contents,of which the theory of belongings was part of theoretical system in traditional Chinese medicine.The method of "Qiushu"(which means to explore the pathogenesis with careful observation)was summarized into three parts,which is exploring the pathologic location,exploring the pathologic nature and "Bi Xian Wu Sheng(re-recognizing the pathogenesis and find the primary lesion)".The pathogenesis was the pathological process of collaterals and the origin of the syndrome.The extension of the concept of collaterals was a specific abnormal state of collaterals,and the connotation was the dynamic temporal and spatial factors that linked the etiology and pathogenesis of the syndrome as the core,directly providing the basis for intervention.Using the method of "Qiushu",we can locate the pathologic collateral in the collaterals and organs,including lung,heart,pericardium,large intestine,triple energizer,bladder,gallbladder,stomach,kidney,liver,governor vessel,conception vessel,great collateral vessel of the spleen.By combing the location and nature of pathologic collateral,collateral diseases can be divided into deficiency and stasis.Collateral deficiency was the premise of the yin and yang deficiency of qi and blood,collateral deficiency and stasis interplayed for each other.?.Clinical applicationThe pathologic collateral was the root cause of the disease.It can serve for explaining mechanism of diseases and providing for guidance in the treatment.1.The Application of pathologic collateral Theory in Diagnosis and Treatment of Coronary Heart DiseaseThrough case analysis,it can be found that coronary heart disease belonged to the category of collateral disease,which was equivalent to "Xiong Bi",and "heartache" in Chinese medicine.The state of pathologic collateral for coronary heart disease can be categized in collateral stagnation,collateral relaxion and collateral break.Relaxation of collateral based the onset of coronary heart disease,collateral stagnation served as the core factor,collateral break was most critical stage.Treatment strategy focused on activating blood and freeing collaterals such as regulating Qi and activating blood,dispelling phlegm and activating blood,dispelling cold and activating blood,reinforcing Qi and activating blood,tonifying blood and activating blood,warming yang and activating blood.2.The Application of pathologic collateral Theory in the Treatment of Menstrual DisordersThe uterus was the source of menstrual blood,which was closely related to conception vessel and thoroughfare vessel.The mechanism of post-menstruation mainly included deficiency and stasis of the vessel.In the treatment,deficiency and stasis should be firstly distinguished and then treated accordingly.In addition,the theory of pathologic collateral was also applied to the treatment of eczema and black moss.Conclusion1.Pathologic collateral referred to the common pathogenic pathological process which was caused by the abnormality of the function of the collaterals resulted from healthy Qi deficiency and abnormality in collaterals.The extension of the concept was a specific abnormal state of collaterals,and the connotation was the dynamic temporal and spatial factors that linked the etiology and pathogenesis of the syndrome as the core manifestations,serving as the guidance for therapeutic intervention.2.Discussions about collateral abound in ancient literatures and focused on the meaning of collateral3.Using the method of seeking belongings,the disease can be located in the collaterals of lung,heart,pericardium,large intestine,triple energizer,bladder,gallbladder,stomach,kidney,liver.governor vessel,conception vessel,great collateral vessel of the spleen.Combined with external pathogens and phlegm,depression,stagnation,deficiency,stasis and toxin,the nature of pathologic collateral can be divided into deficiency and stasis.4.The use of the pathologic collateral to explore the mechanism of diseases can expand the application of the theory to other diseases besides cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.provide new insights for clinical diagnosis and treatment.