Design And Experimental Study Of Key Components Of Garlic Seeder

The garlic planting and processing industry of China has been developing rapidly,and with the planting area,production volume and export volume of garlic all rank first in the world,it has become one of my country's important economic crops.At the stage,the garlic planting is still dominated by manual insertion in China.In terms of the problems of low degree of mechanization of garlic planting and high labor costs,easy to cause leakage when the garlic seed metering device is in the high-speed operation,and difficult to meet the requirements of garlic sowing,a type hole wheel garlic seed metering device was designed in this research according to the garlic external structural characteristics,through the Discrete Element Method(DEM)simulation,its seeding performance was studied,and the design and manufacturing of a garlic seeder was completed.Through the field test on the verification on the seeder,the specific research content was as follow:(1)This article has taken Caijiapo red garlic as the research object,the triaxial dimensions,density,water content,coefficient of static friction and coefficient of restitution in collisions of garlic species were measured.The triaxial dimensions of garlic were measured by experiment,the length dimension of garlic had a larger numerical range than the other dimensions.Through the measuring,the average dimensions of Caijiapo red garlic were 31.45 mm long,18.25 mm wide,and 17.61 mm high,the equivalent diameter was 21.62 mm,the density was 1.033 g/cm3,and the water content was 44.55%.Compared with the common crop seeds of corn,wheat,and soybean,garlic seeds had the characteristics of large particles,irregular shapes,and large changes in size.(2)In terms of the design requirements of the seed metering device of the garlic seeder,the working principle of the seed metering device was analyzed,and the design plan of the seed metering device was determined.After analyzing the performance factors of the seed metering device,with the reference to the external dimensions of Caijiapo red garlic,a type hole wheel seed metering device was designed,which was able to complete single-grain seeding of garlic seeds under high working rotating speeds,and was able to adjust the length of the type hole to adapt the seed metering device to different sizes of garlic seeds.(3)Through the Discrete Element Method simulation test,the impact of the seeding wheel speed,type hole depth and type hole adjustment length on seed metering device performance was studied.The result of the simulation has shown that the primary and secondary factors were the adjustment length of the type hole,the rotation speed of the seeding wheel,and the depth of the type hole.The parameter optimization was carried out with the single-grain seeding metering rate as the optimization goal,and the optimal parameter combination was obtained:with the seeding wheel speed of 30 rpm,type hole depth of 18 mm,and the type hole adjustment length of 41 mm.The optimization results were verified through a bench test,the test result has shown that,under a relatively high rotating speed,the type hole wheel garlic seed metering device was able to reach a single-grain rate of more than 80%,and to 89.2%under the optimal parameter combination,which was only 2.7%of the error with the result of the DEM simulation,indicating that the seed metering device optimization Discrete Element Method simulation was able to complete the seed metering device parameter optimization.(4)A garlic seeder for field test to test the performance of the seed metering device and the whole machine was designed and manufactured.The test result has shown that the type hole wheel garlic seed metering device was able to reach a pass rate of 88.44%at an efficiency of 3 grains per second,which compared to the existing chain spoon garlic seeding device with the seeding efficiency,it has a relatively great improvement,the type hole wheel garlic seed metering device was able to meet the garlic seeding requirements when running at medium and high speeds.It is verified that the seed metering device had a relatively good seeding effect under the combination of simulation parameters,which its seeding qualified index has reached 88.44%,the missed seed index was 7.44%,the repeat seed index was 4.11%,and the seeder was able to meet the requirements of agronomy in either planting horizontal or upright the garlic seeds to make them germinate and grow.