Effects Of Nitrogen, Phosphorus And Potassium Combined Fertilization On Fruit Quality And Yield Of Facility Grape

【Objective】（1）The objective of this study was to increase understanding about the different amounts of phosphate fertilizer and potassium fertilizer on fruit quality and yield,grape chlorophyll content and photosynthesis of Flame’seedless grape’under protected culture during fruit expanding and coloring period.（2）In this paper,drop arrows and drip irrigation were used to select the most suitable fertilizer application method for Purple fragrant’seedless grape’,and provided theoretical guidance to improve fertilizing efficiency for grape.【Method】（1）Different amounts of phosphorus and potassium were applied under same nitrogen fertilizer application.Grape fruit quality and yield,grape chlorophyll content and corresponding photosynthetic parameters were determined during fruit maturing.（2）Under the same conditions,the two different fertilization methods of drip arrow and drip irrigation were used to analyze the dynamic changes of soil nutrient content,fruit quality and yield after fertilization with grape.【Result】（1）The results showed that the grape single ear weight and yield were highest when the P₂O₅ content was 14.6 kg/667 m² and the potassium application amount was 15.08 kg/667 m² in the local Flame’seedless grape’under protected culture during the fruit expanding and coloring period.Sugar and acid ratio,hardness and fruit color index were better than the control and other treatments.And the root system of grape is mainly distributed in the soil layer of 20-40 cm.（2）Phosphate fertilizer had no significant effect on the chlorophyll content of grape leaves,but increased the Gs and Pn of grape leaves.Potassium fertilizer can increase the chlorophyll content,Tr,Pn and Gs of grape leaves.（3）The single ear weight,yield and soluble sugar content of grape fruit by drip arrow irrigation were significantly higher than by drip irrigation.（4）There were no significant difference in the content of alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen between 0-20 cm depth soil and20-40 cm depth soil after the first and second fertilization by drip arrow.But after the third and fourth fertilization,the content of alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen in 0-20cm depth soil was significantly higher than that in 20-40 cm depth soil.The general trend of alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen content in same depth soil by drip arrow irrigation was higher than that of the drip irrigation.（5）The results showed that fertilization by drip arrow irrigation could deepen alkaline nitrogen than that of drip belt irrigation.Before fertilization,there was no significant difference between available potassium content in soil layer 0-20cm and 20-40cm in drip irrigation and arrow fertilization.The available potassium content in soil layer 0-20cm after fertilization and after fruit maturation was significantly higher than that in soil layer 20-40cm,and the available potassium content in soil layer 20-40cm was significantly higher than that in soil layer 40-60cm.There was no significant difference for available potassium content at different soil depth between drip arrow and drip belt irrigation,But the general trend of available potassium content with drip arrow irrigation was higher than that of drip belt irrigation.There was no significant difference for available phosphorus content in each soil depth at two kinds of irrigation.Therefore,the application of drip arrow irrigation with water can increase the depth of rapidly available potassium fertilization,which is conducive to the absorption of grape root system.【Conclusion】It was suggested that the P₂O₅ content was 14.6 kg/667 m² and the potassium application amount was 15.08 kg/667 m² in the local Flame’seedless grape’under protected culture during the fruit expanding and coloring period.Fertilization method uses drip arrows to fertilize with water,and it is recommended to increase the length of drip arrows to study its effect on the depth of available phosphorus fertilization.