| Big-fruit hazelnut is the common name of C.heterophylla Fisch.× C.avellana L.It is obtained by the hybridization of C.heterophylla Fisch.and C.avellana L.in China’s forestry researchers.It has the characteristics of large fruit,thin shell,high yield,etc.,and its cold resistance and adaptability are also outstanding.It is a new hazelnut cultivation variety(series)widely popularized in China in recent years.As a new economic forest industry,Big-fruit hazelnut cultivation is the earliest industrial scale formed in Northeast China.Related scientific research and production units have carried out extensive cultivation experiments in their theoretically suitable areas.At present,the introduction trials of parts of North China and Xinjiang have been nearly successful,and they are gradually developing into emerging cultivation areas with good development momentum.Shaanxi has also carried out researches on the introduction and cultivation of hazelnuts in large areas.The trial planting of hazelnuts in Yulin is relatively early,but relevant research reports are rare.The introduction and cultivation of Big-fruit hazelnut in Yulin area has important production and practical significance for enriching the germplasm resources of local economic forest fruits and promoting farmers’ poverty alleviation and income increase.In this study,through investigating the current status of the introduction of Big-fruit hazelnut in Yulin,the main phenological performance and growth and fruiting status of Big-fruit hazelnut in this area were studied,and the supporting cultivation and management techniques were summarized and combined with literature and production practices.At the same time,the introduction of 4 Big-fruit hazelnut varieties ’Pingou 21’,’Davi’,’Yuzhui’ and ’Liaozhen No.3’ was conducted in preliminary trials,and the varieties with strong adaptability were selected to further carry out relevant research and promote planting.for reference.The research results are as follows:(1)Some of the big-fruit hazelnut varieties introduced earlier in Yulin can grow normally and bear a small amount,but are susceptible to low temperature and arid climate.The seeding conditions cannot meet the requirements of economic forest cultivation for the time being,and the varieties that can grow normally are not yet clear.Hazelnut sap began to flow in the middle of March in Yulin area,entered the full bloom period in late March,and completed the germination and leaf expansion from early April to mid-April,and the fruiting appeared at the top of the branch in late May.During the period of growth and development,vigorous growth from early June to late August,buds and male inflorescences begin to differentiate in mid-July,fruits gradually mature and fall off from late August to early September,new and old leaves gradually begin to change color in mid-October,and from late October It entered the deciduous period in early November,and then entered the dormant period after all growth stopped,with a growth period of 210-225 days.(2)There are some differences in the growth and survival of the four varieties ’Pingou 21’,’Dawei’,’Yuzhui’ and ’Liaozhen No.3’ under different conditions,of which ’Dawei’ is among the 4 varieties It has the best survival rate and growth condition,and can be used as the main test variety for the next stage of introduction test.The other three varieties have relatively good survival and growth conditions,and can be used as a pollinator.Big-fruit hazelnuts is more suitable for planting in gulchon beaches or wide terraces with irrigated conditions and protective forest nets.They are irrigated more than 6 times during the year,and 35 cm root rooting in winter has a significant effect on improving the survival rate of plants.The growth of the second plant increased significantly. |
