| Yew, also known as Taxus or red Poisson, is of Taxus, Taxaceae. It is named because its fruitage hanging on the trees, red inside and outside,is colorful, just like"Xiangsi Dou"in southern China when it is ripe. Yew is a key protection of Chinese rare and endangered plants and is recognized by the world as the brink of extinction of rare anti-cancer natural plants, which is an ancient legacy of the Quaternary glacial species on earth over 2.5 million years of history.The taxol extracted from the plant and its derivatives, currently the world's best anti-cancer drugs, are of great value in use and development. Its annual output is only around 250kg all over the world, which causes the market imbalance between supply and demand, accordingly it is very expensive, up to more than 300,000 dollars per kg, therefore, yew is called "the plant of gold". Owing to the huge market demand of Taxus resources, to speed up the cultivation of Yew in China is necessary and urgent. Due to the slow growth rate and poor regeneration ability of Yew under natural conditions, a large-yew raw material forest base hadn't come into being during a long period. Consequently, a project team started their research of introduction and planting of Yew in 1995 in the south of Henan Province after the Forestry Department issued the project.The results and conclusions(1) Through stratification germination and temperature changes, break the seed dormancy so as to improve seed germination rate and make a specific seedbed, so that the planting percent of seedling can be up to 96% or more.(2) The study uses 70%yellow subsoil + 30% fine sand as cuttings matrix. Put 2 ~ 3cm cut side into rooting accelerator -No.ABT1 300 ~ 500mg / L. Cut in the Autumn and the rooting rate can reach more than 80% .(3) B5 + sugar 20g / L + Plant Gel 2. 9g / L +1.7 mg / LNAA and 0.1 mg/L6-BA is the optimal medium of Taxus stem segment culture. The recovery time of stem taken in March or June is earlier than leaves, so that the rate of callus induction and germinating are all over 90%.(4) Yew is a early fast-growing tree species, in Xinyang area it is the sixth year when the annual increment of tree height to reach maximum and diameter annual increment reaches its maximum, before which the growing speed of the two items were large, annual increment are over 30cm and 0.5cm respectively.(5) Through the introduction and cultivation we make a conclusion that in Xinyang area cultivated yew grows well and fast, of good adaptability so that it can be planted in hilly area or plains at an altitude of below 500m. The technique required is not high.(6) The yew can be artificially cultivated as rare timber, medicinal forest short-term operation or bonsai, ornamental forest which has wide use. The cultivation of yew in Xinyang area can not only achieve a high economic efficiency, but also enrich the local rare species, improve the ecological environment and raise incomes of foresters, which has great significance to them.
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