Design And Research Of Cascading Cage-rearing Equipment And Control System For Laying Duck

Laying duck cage-rearing,especially the cascading cage-rearing equipment in closed sheds,can completely eliminate the dependence on water,reduce water pollution and disease risk,and improve feed conversion.Through the environmental control in the closed sheds,egg production can be achieved throughout all the year.So,Laying duck cage-rearing is a practical technology coveted by laying duck breeding enterprises and farmers.However,due to the special characteristics of the water life of laying duck,the current practice of laying duck cage-rearing out of water is still in the experimental stage of research.Laying duck farms abroad are mainly in Southeast Asia,and the number is far less than domestic.Therefore,there are few studies and references on laying duck cage-rearing.Based on the SMEs' needs of laying duck cage-rearing in China,the authors studied the working principle and brought forward the main innovations of the mechanical structure of the cage equipment.Aiming to solve the problem that the surface of duck egg shell is seriously polluted during the process of raising laying duck in the cascading cage-rearing equipment,the authors optimized the dimension parameters of the bottom wire mesh in this paper.And a dedicated control system for laying duck cage-rearing system was built.The main research contents and research results of this project in the direction of laying duck cage-rearing equipment and control system are as follows:(1)With reference to the laying hen cage-rearing equipment,innovations in the breeding cage net,manure removal system,automatic feeding,egg collection system,environmental control system,etc.were carried out in accordance with the differences in living habits of laying duck and other poultry.The structure,the function and working principle of the laying duck cage-rearing equipment were introduced systematically in this paper.(2)The dimension parameters of the bottom wire mesh was optimized in this paper.Based on the analysis of duck egg movement on the bottom wire mesh,a kinematics simulation mode was developed to determine the appropriate range of the bottom wire mesh slope using dichotomy depending on whether duck eggs roll out of the furnished cage.Applying multi-objective optimization design,the optimization model was simplified,and the optimization parameter combination was obtained.After optimization,the slope increased to 8.5°,the area of the leakage hole increased by 29.2%,and the total deformation maximum decreased by 18.1%.The area of the leakage hole bears on the cleanliness of the duck egg,the larger the area,the cleaner they were.(3)A hardware system based on Siemens S7-300 PLC was built up.The hardware configuration of the PLC and the touch screens,sensors,wet curtains and funs were selected direct to the specified functions which the controller in the closed sheds needs.Software design,I/O port allocation,PID control type selection for PLC control system were also completed in this paper.At last,the authors designed touch screen interface based on MCGS and realized communication with PLC S7-300.(4)This research team experimented on cage-rearing laying duck using the bottom wire mesh optimized in a welfare duck farm of Hubei Shendan Healthy Food Company.Finally,a duck house containing 2000 ducks was produced.The results showed that the bottom wire mesh had a significant positive effect on duck egg cleanliness(P<0.01),and the average cleanliness of duck egg in the test group was 1.21 which was lower than 2.01 in the control group.(5)This research team tested some functions of the control system,and the test results was found to be in line with the design requirements.