| "Animal Husbandry" means an industry in which livestock and poultry,or other wild animals,are provided with animal products or domesticated animals for human beings by means of animal husbandry or breeding,poultry breeding,domestication of economic animals,etc.,it is one of the two agricultural production departments which is parallel with the planting industry.Modern animal husbandry has the characteristics of scale,standardization and industrialization,which accounts for more than 50% of the total agricultural output value in many developed countries.Gansu Province is one of the 5 semi-pastoral areas in China.Zhenyuan County,Gansu’s traditional animal husbandry has a long history.Since the reform and opening-up,especially in recent years,the animal husbandry has entered a rapid development stage of increasing speed,expanding quantity and increasing efficiency,it has become a pillar industry to help farmers increase their income,achieve the goal of poverty alleviation and poverty alleviation,and promote the economic and social development of the county.This paper qualitatively studies the basic conditions of animal husbandry industry in Zhenyuan County,Gansu,constructs the Input-output model,and analyzes the relationship between Labor input,capital input and total output value of animal husbandry in production function,clarify the main factors on the development of animal husbandry,put forward the corresponding policy recommendations.The main conclusions of this paper are as follows:1.The sum of marginal contribution rate of capital factor and human resource factor is less than 1 in Zhenyuan County,Gansu,so the livestock industry in Zhenyuan County,Gansu is of diminishing returns to scale,it means that the current expansion of the scale of animal husbandry industry has not promoted the increase of output value.Economies of scale reflect the relationship between the degree of concentration of production factors andeconomic benefits,that is,because of the inseparability of production factors,when an enterprise increases its production scale,it will lead to various cost saving and production cost reduction,thus causes the phenomenon which the economic benefit increases.But when the production scale of the enterprise expands beyond a certain scale,the marginal benefit will gradually decline,even break down to zero,become negative,causing the phenomenon of diseconomies of scale.That is to say,under the current production conditions,the Zhenyuan County,Gansu animal husbandry is not economical in scale,and the development path of relying on the expansion of production scale to achieve the increase of output value is not in accordance with the principle of economic efficiency.2.When Labor factor input is fixed and capital input is increased by1%,the output value of animal husbandry in Zhenyuan County,Gansu will increase by 0.522%.There is a positive correlation between capital input and output value of animal husbandry.Capital intensive industry refers to the unit product cost,the cost of capital and labor costs relative to a larger proportion of each worker occupied by the Fixed capital and the amount of working capital.In contrast,labor-intensive industries are those in which wages account for a larger share of production costs than equipment depreciation and research and development expenditures.With the development of technology and the application of new technology and equipment,the technology and capital intensity of labor-intensive industries in developed countries are increasing,and traditional labor-intensive industries such as food industry have been classified into capital-intensive industries.At present,Zhenyuan County,Gansu animal husbandry is also changing from traditional animal husbandry to modern animal husbandry,and increasing capital investment is the inevitable choice to promote the rapid development of this industry.3.When capital inputs are fixed and labour inputs rise by 1 per cent,Zhenyuan County,Gansu’s livestock output falls by 0.318 per cent.That is to say,at present,in Zhenyuan County,Gansu animal husbandry production,labor input and total output value of animal husbandry present negative correlation,that is,as the human input increases,the output value of animal husbandry does not increase,but decreases.On the other hand,it is alsoproved that the development of animal husbandry in Zhenyuan County,Gansu must break away from the traditional labor-intensive mode of development,further strengthen the upgrading of industrial transformation,raise the scientific and technological content,and upgrade the level of intensification and modernization,raise the efficiency of labor production.4.For Zhenyuan County,Gansu animal husbandry,the Elasticity Coefficient of capital input is greater than that of labor input,which means that the degree of the impact of capital input on the output value of animal husbandry is greater than that of labor input on the output value of animal husbandry.Therefore,adding capital input and reducing Labor input are the main ways to promote the development of animal husbandry industry in Zhenyuan County,Gansu.5.When capital and labour inputs in Zhenyuan County,Gansu increase by 1 per cent,the value of livestock production increases by 2,414 per cent.According to the input output theory,when Labor and capital increase by times,the COBB–Douglas production function can be divided into three types: increasing returns to scale,decreasing returns to scale and fixed returns.Increasing returns to scale means that under the constraint of current production technology level,the expansion of production scale can promote the increase of output value;Innovation in production technology is the only way to improve the level of production technology to promote the increase in output value;diminishing returns to scale means that under the constraints of the current level of production technology,the increase in output value brought about by the expansion of production scale is not economically efficient,it’s not economical.According to this analysis,Zhenyuan County,Gansu animal husbandry through the same proportion to increase capital and labor input,there is room to improve economies of scale.At present,Zhenyuan County,Gansu should adjust and stabilize its development factors,so that the animal husbandry industry first becomes the scale of increasing returns,and then change its development thinking,and then promote the transformation of the entire industrial module.The Important Policy Recommendations of this study are:1.This study shows that,in line with the trend of modern animal husbandry,Zhenyuan County,Gansu animal husbandry is also acapital-intensive industry,and the investment in capital and labor should be increased in the same proportion,there is still plenty of room to increase output.As a result,capital investment has been the primary driver of Livestock Development in Zhenyuan County,Gansu.To formulate complete supporting policies and measures for the development of modern animal husbandry,and to enlist the support of relevant animal husbandry development projects and funds from the state,provinces and cities,to integrate the funds for agricultural and animal husbandry projects such as full-film grain production,grain-producing large counties,supplementary awards for Grasslands,breed improvement and animal epidemic prevention,as well as the funds for relevant projects of the departments of finance,development and reform,poverty alleviation,agricultural integration,women’s federations,transportation,water conservancy,power,people’s clubs,etc.,at the same time,we will actively mobilize and strive for input from private capital,increase support for specialized farming villages,standardized farming farms and large-scale farming households in terms of water and electricity,include funds for Animal Epidemic Prevention in the budget,and improve the compensation mechanism for grasslands,we will support and encourage large-scale breeding and processing enterprises to adopt the industrial management form of "company + cooperative + Peasant Household",continuously expand leading enterprises and drive the development of animal husbandry in the county.2.The research of this paper shows that in the current policy environment,the state continues to implement the strategy of developing the western region,intensify its efforts to combat poverty,introduce a series of preferential policies,and strengthen the support for the development of animal husbandry,it provides the policy guarantee for increasing the investment of Zhenyuan County,Gansu animal husbandry.From the perspective of market demand,with the continuous improvement of people’s living standards,urban and rural residents of meat,eggs,milk and other livestock products consumption demand is still a rigid growth trend,the development of animal husbandry market space is still gradually expanding.From the product quality point of view,green,environmental protection and organic have become the main requirements of people.With the tightening ofthe National Environmental Protection Policy and the limitation of environmental capacity in developed areas,natural conditions and ecological environment like Zhenyuan County,Gansu are good without major pollution,it is the best suitable area for the development of animal husbandry and has a bright future.Zhenyuan County,Gansu needs to respond to the policies of the bidding countries and the development trends of the industry,build a base for the cultivation and processing of forage and feed,strengthen the promotion and application of applicable science and technology in agriculture and animal husbandry,and improve the circulation and production and processing systems of animal products,relying on the Zhongsheng Company and other leading enterprises in the county,we have invested in the construction of 3million mutton sheep,36 million plateau broiler chickens and 1 million head of beef cattle in the whole industrial chain,and developed the three key industries of mutton sheep,beef cattle and broiler chickens,raise the development level of animal husbandry in the whole county. |
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