| As one of the famous ornamental plants with various colors and fragrance,hyacinth has a long cultivated history and extensive application range.After a long-term cultivation and selection,hyacinth has generated rich germplasm resources,many new cultivars and varieties have derived from the original species.However,hyacinth is vulnerable to degenerat and disease in many areas of China due to the climate and the less research on cultivation and reproduction,the resource is not fully taken advantage.Therefore,26 cultivars of hyacinth were selected firstly in this study in order to investigate their biological characteristics and ornamental value.Further,the growth regulation and genetic diversity of hyacinth were studied.The result is hopefully served as references for future cultivation and utilization of hyacinth.The main results showed as follows:1.The 26 cultivars can normally grow in Shanghai area,the germination stage of these cultivars is mainly occurred in late February.Except the early-flowering cultivars such as ‘Shangnongzaofen’,the blooms is from the beginning to the middle of March,and hyacinth is a good planting material for flower bed and flower border in spring.The florescence of hyacinth is relatively sustained,and there is a positive correlation between the blooming duration and the the germination stage.Hyacinth is vulnerable to soft rot and rust disease in cultivation,some cultivars such as ‘Blue Pearl’ are not suitable for planting in Shanghai area,so it is not worth introduction.2.The comprehensive evaluation system of ornamental quality in hyacinth was established by analytic hierarchy process(AHP),and 20 cultivars of hyacinth which had good growth status in ShangHai were evaluated.The 20 cultivars were classified into 4 grades,5 cultivars are included in grade Ⅰ according to the comprehensive assessment,the inflorescence are full,the plant type are graceful,the flower color are pure,so they are the first choice to the application in hybridization and the landscape.Five cultivars are included in grade Ⅱ,these cultivars have the excellent appreciation and adaptability,they are fit to used in landscape.Six cultivars are included in grade Ⅲ,which could be used to flourished the plant species in landscape.There are 4 cultivars in grade Ⅳ,which have sparse inflorescence,and are not worth used in landscape.3.Random amplified polymorphic DNA(RAPD)markers were used to study the genetic relationship and genetic diversity of 20 cultivars of hyacinth.Twelve primers out of sixty RAPD markers were selected to analyze 20 cultivars of hyacinth which generated 93 DNA fragments,including 67 polymorphism fragments accounting for 72.0% of the total.Based on those polymorphism fragments,we assessed genetic similarity coefficient and dendrogram by using NTSYS-pc.The result indicated that 20 cultivars can be divided into two major categories by fixing the value of 0.83 as the threshold of similarity coefficient.The genetic relationships among the cultivars were relatively close,and the cultivars with the same shade of color were basically clustered into the same category.In the process of introduction and cultivation,mutation cultivars occurred due to the influence of natural environment,which flourished the genetic diversity of hyacinth.4.Four different concentrations of kinetin(KT)aqueous solution were used in hyacinth by foliage spray.The result showed that the plant height,the length of leaf and scape were increased,the early florescence was brought forward for two to three days;the terminal florescence was delayed for one to three days;full-bloom stage was prolonged for two to five days.The best effect was observed under the treatment with 50 mg/L KT,by compared with the control group,the average of plant height,leaf length,inflorescence length was 23.25 cm,19.43 cm,11.43 cm,respectively,increased by 9.3%,19.8%,9.4%,respectively;the early florescence and the full-bloom stage were 3 days and 2 days earlier,respectively;full-bloom stage was prolonged 5days. |
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