Study On The Development And Change Of Horoo Deer Farm In Jarud Banner Of Inner Mongolia (1963-1978)

State-owned deer farm in farming,herding,and forestry area is an agricultural economic organization established after the foundation of PRC.Its production and management are developed under the guidance of the state plan,and its investment comes from the state and products belong to the state.State-owned deer farms in farming,herding,and forestry area were set up in 1950's and 1960's.A large number of state-owned deer farm in farming,herding,and forestry area were set up in Inner Mongolia during this period.Basing on the case study of Horoo Deer farm in Jarud Banner,Jirem Meng,Inner Mongolia and using some relevant historical documents,this paper has analyzed and discussed the historical changes of the establishment and transformation of Horoo Deer Farm.The Horoo Deer Farm is located in the northern part of Jarud Banner,the southern tip of the Greater Khingan Mountains.The tree farm is embraced on three sides by green hills,which contributes to form a natural barrier,like a tall and thick courtyard wall.The south side of the deer farm goes smoothly,on the whole,it is like a luxurious spectacular deep house compound,so it is called "Haoloo"(it means yard in Mongolian).The deer farm,which is a state-owned public institution,was built in 1963,it's for training and feeding wild red deer,mainly for deer.Since new China was found,in order to speed up thedevelopment of forestry of New China,governments built a lot of state-owned tree farm in some non-forest area and less-forest area in Yilin.State-owned tree farms contribute a lot for national cultivation and protection of forest resources and the improvement of the ecological environment.However,the deer source of the deer farm is decreased a lot,the price of the pilose antler is decreased,which influenced the deer industry.Therefore,in this condition,in 1978,the deer farms decided to turn to the tree farm(now it called Horoo Tree Farm).Based on the establishment of Horoo Deer Farm,and its historical process and development in Jarud Banner from 1963 to 1978,this paper analyzed and studied the purpose of deer farm,general situation of development,management,source of population and composition of residents.The first part of the paper mainly explains the background and needs of the establishment of the deer farm.Also introduces the Hanshan State-owned Tree Farm,which was the first to raise deer in Jarud Banner of Jirim in 1958.However,due to its location,inconvenient transportation and environmental factors such as climatic conditions,it was necessary to build a new deer farm.This is the origin of Haoloo deer farm.The second part mainly analyzes the preparation and development of the deer farm.The paper discusses the advantages of constructingthe deer farm and composition of population in detail by excavating and utilizing the relevant documents and historical materials.The third part mainly discusses the reason of its transformation,construction and development of the deer farm and so on.