| Zanthoxylum armatum is an important local flavor flavoring material and raw material for extracting essential oils.It has a good market prospect,but due to the lack of systematic scientific cultivation and management,the development of Zanthoxylum armatum is severely restricted.The study selected‘Hanyuan Putao Qingjiao'of new varieties Zanthoxylum armatum as the research object,using three factors,four levels orthogonal experiment design,set three factors of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium,each factor four fertilizer levels,respectively,N:0,45,90,180 g/plant,P2O5:0,18,36,72 g/plant,K2O:0,45,90,180 g/plant.The effects of different N,P and K formula fertilization treatments on the growth,yield and quality of‘Hanyuan Putao Qingjiao'were studied.And the fertilizer response model was established to obtain the optimum fertilizer application.The main conclusions of the study are as follows:?1?Different fertilizer treatment on‘Hanyuan Putao Qingjiao'growth has the promoting effect.Under different fertilizer treatment of ground diameter and crown,tree height,compared with no fertilizer treatment were increased by 2.9%12.7%,1.1%7.9%,4.4%11.0%,among them,the ground diameter of treatment 12?N2P3K1?is the highest,and the crown and tree height of treatment 14?N3P1K2?are the highest.By diameter,plant height and crown breadth to the growth of membership degree analysis found that deal with 12?N2P3K1?the growth of membership degree is the largest,followed by 14?N3P1K2?processing,processing 1 is no fertilizer processing membership degree value is the lowest;Finally,the growth membership degree and the nitrogen fertilizer?x1?,phosphorus?x2?,and potassium?x3?were used for regression fitting,it is concluded that the best fertilizer rates for‘Hanyuan Putao Qingjiao'growth as follows:N?123.6134.7 g/plant,average 129.1g/plant?,P2O5?37.763.2 g/plant,average 50.5 g/plant?,K2O?87.1149.9 g/plant,average118.5 g/plant?.?2?The mean value of leaf Gs,Pn,Tr and Vpdldl of fertilizing treatment all were higher than no applying fertilizer,on the contrary.The value of leaf Ci of fertilizing treatment all were lower than no applying fertilizer.Under various fertilization conditions,the diurnal variation of leaf Gs,Pn,Tr and Vpdldl manifested itself as single-peak curves,respectively and leaf Ci manifested itself as single-valley curves.The diurnal variation of leaf WUE looked like a double-peak curve.With the increase of N,P,K fertility amount,the mean value of leaf Pn and WUE generally enerally increased until reaching the maximum values and then declined.Leaf Pn significantly and positively correlated with tree height,ground diameter,canopy and chlorophyll content.To improve plant growth and attain high leaf Pn and WUE,people should keep N,P,K fertility amount at 115.8116.0 g N/strain,44.549.7 g P/strain and 104.8108.0 g K/strains.respectively.Leaf Gs and Tr highly significantly and positively correlated with PAR and the optimum PAR for leaf Pn was 1119.1?mol/?m2·s?.?3?The formulated fertilization can promote plant yield of the‘Hanyuan Putao Qingjiao'.Each formula fertilization treatment compared with no fertilizer treatment,the fruit characters of the single plant yield,fruit yield,fruit peel and 100 grain weight were increased by 18.0%182.2%,15.5%32.1%,2.9%15.6%,and 3.8%17.4%respectively.Among them,the single plant yield,fruit rate,peel and seed weight of 12?N2P3K1?were the largest.The correlation analysis found that the correlation between yield and growth index,tree height,chlorophyll content and net photosynthetic rate were all significant,it is indicated that the growth of green pepper in han yuan is closely related to yield,and its growth can reflect the yield of plants well.Based on regression equations of yield,nitrogen application?x1?,application of phosphorus?x2?,and application of potassium?x3?,the optimum amount of fertilizer to increase the yield of‘Hanyuan Putao Qingjiao'plant was:N?116.7131.9 g/plant,average 124.3 g/plant?,P2O5?33.961.0 g/plant,average 47.5g/plant?,K2O?88.0156.0 g/plant,average 122.0 g/plant?.?4?The formulated fertilization can promote peel quality of the‘Hanyuan Putao Qingjiao'.The treatment of each formula is compared with that of non-fertilization treatment,volatile oil,ash content,alcohol extract,not volatile ethyl ether extract and the anesthetic compositions were increased by 2.9%16.0%,1.9%18.6%,7.4%19.3%,2.6%28.0%,7.2%62.1%.The content of volatile oil,ash and alcohol extracts of treatment 10?N2P1K3?was the highest,and the content of nonvolatile ether extract and numbing components of treatment 12?N2P3K1?was the highest.Through comprehensive evaluation of fruit quality,it can be seen that the comprehensive evaluation of treatment 12?N2P3K1?is the best,followed by treatment 10?N2P1K3?,treatment 1?non-fertilizer?hasthe lowest comprehensive evaluation value,and the comprehensive evaluation value of different fertilization treatment fruit quality both are higher than non-fertilizer treatments.It show that formula fertilization can significantly improve the fruit quality of‘Hanyuan Putao Qingjiao'.Based on regression equations of comprehensive evaluation,nitrogen application?x1?,application of phosphorus?x2?,and application of potassium?x3?,the optimum amount of fertilizer to increase the comprehensive evaluation was:N?107.5146.7 g/plant,average 127.1 g/plant?,P2O5?41.164.9 g/plant,average 53.0g/plant?,K2O?89.5166.2 g/plant,average 127.9 g/plant?.In summary,formula fertilization can effectively promote the growth of‘Hanyuan Putao Qingjiao',increase photosynthesis,increase production,and improve quality.According to the comprehensive evaluation,12?N2P3K1?had the greatest effect on the growth and Fruiting of‘Hanyuan Putao Qingjiao'.The optimum fertilization rate of high and high quality and yield of‘Hanyuan Putao Qingjiao'was N?107.5146.7 g/plant,average 127.1 g/plant?,P2O5?33.964.9 g/strain,average 49.4 g/plant?,K2O?87.1166.2g/plant,average 126.7 g/plant?. |
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