| Quercus mongolica,national second-class precious tree species,is the main natural forest species in eastern Liaoning Province.Studying the fertilization technology of Quercus mongolica in the afforestation land of Eastern Liaoning Province is of great significance for establishing fast-growing and High-yielding forests of Quercus mongolica and further promoting the development of large-diameter timber cultivation technology of Quercus mongolica.In this paper,2-year-old Quercus mongolica in Fushun afforestation land was taken as the research object.Selected Four kinds of agricultural compound fertilizers with different ratios of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium: Yangfeng compound fertilizer(A fertilizer),Central Hubei compound fertilizer(B fertilizer),Dongbeifeng compound fertilizer(C fertilizer)and nitro compound fertilizer(D fertilizer),and set three horizontal gradients: 1g/plant,3g/plant,5g/plant and no fertilization(CK)as the control,to explore the effects of different fertilizers and different fertilization rates on the growth and physiological characteristics of Quercus mongolica in afforestation land of Eastern Liaoning Mountains.Then obtained the ratio and amount of N,P and K of compound fertilizer suitable for the growth of Quercus mongolica,which provided a theoretical basis for fertilization of Quercus mongolica in subsequent afforestation land and could be applied in production practice.The main results are as follows:1.From the growth index of Quercus mongolica,the seedling height of Quercus mongolica and the dry and fresh weight of the above-ground parts reached the optimum values under the treatment levels of A2,B3,C3 and D1 of four compound fertilize rs respectively(the seedling height growth C2 was about equal to C3 under the treatment of C fertilizer),which were higher than CK,the increase ranges of seedling height were 46.81%,88.30%,48.94% and 60.64% respectively.Ground diameter,fresh and dry weight of underground part and total biomass reached the optimum values at A3,B2,C3 and D1 treatment levels,respectively,And compared with CK,the optimal ground diameter treatments increased by 50.91%,47.27%,38.18% and 36.36% respectively.The tota l biomass of Quercus mongolica increased slowly with the increase of fertilization level under three fertilizer treatments A,B and C.D fertilizer treatment showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing.The biggest increase in total biomass of Quercus mongolica under four fertilizer treatments was the application of B fertilizer,which increased by 72.01% compared with CK.According to the growth index of Quercus mongolica,the best effect of four fertilizers on the growth of Quercus mongolica is the application of B fertilizer(3g/plant-5g/plant).2.From the chlorophyll content and net photosynthetic rate of Quercus mongolica leaves,the two indicators reached their maximum at 1 level under four fertilizer treatments of various concentrations,and showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing with the increase of concentration.For the soluble sugar content of Quercus mongolica,the content of four fertilizers reached the maximum under A3,B3,C2 and D1 treatments respectively.3.The nutrient concentration of Quercus mongolica was different under different fertilization levels.The four fertilizer levels with the highest promoting effect on total nitrogen in the root of Quercus mongolica were A2(7.14g/kg),B3(7.19g/kg),C1(6.23g/kg),D1(8.06g/kg),CK(5.79g/kg);D fertilizer significantly promoted the total phosphorus concentration in roots,and the maximum of total phosphorus concentration at 1 level(1.22g/kg);The most promotive effect on the increase of total potassium concentration in root was the level of B fertilizer 3 level,the total potassium concentration increased by 44.81% compared with CK.A fertilizer had a significant effect on the total nitrogen concentration of stem,reaching the maximum at 2 levels,increasing 47.88% compared with CK;A and B fertilizers had significant effects on the total phosphorus concentration of stems,reaching the maximum at A1 and B1 levels,respectively,among them,the phosphorus content of stems at A1 level was the highest,which increased by 60% compared with CK.C fertilizer had a significant effect on total potassium in stem,and reached the maximum concentration at 3 levels,which was 32.91% higher than CK.The effect of C fertilizer on the total nitrogen concentration of Quercus mongolica leaves was significant,reaching the maximum at 3 levels,which was 46.52% higher than CK;Fertilizer A and C had significant effects on total phosphorus and total potassium concentration in leaves,the concentration of both reached the maximum at A1 treatment level,which increased 65.93% and 66.52% respectively compared with CK.4.Fertilizer application had different effects on different soil indices of Quercus mongolica plantation land,among which four fertilizers had significant effects on total nitrogen and total phosphorus content of soil.D fertilizer had no significant effect on soil available phosphorus,but the other three fertilizers had significant effect.Only C and D fertilizers had significant effects on available and total potassium in soil.5.In this study,different fertilizers were applied to Quercus mongolica in afforestation land,the results of determination of various indicators show that,fertilizers with different concentration treatments can promote the growth of Quercus mongolica to a certain extent,Considering that the optimum fertilizer for controlling seedling height,ground diameter and total biomass of Quercus mongolica is B fertilizer,the amount of fertilizer applied was 3 g/plant to 5 g/plant,the optimum fertilization amount was obtained by applying B fertilizer 43.2kg/hm~2 to 72kg/hm~2 in a 2-year-old Quercus mongolica forest with a density of 1m*1m. |
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